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A Grid-Based Spatial Analysis for Detecting Supply–Demand Gaps of Public Transports: A Case Study of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region

Author

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  • Apantri Peungnumsai

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand)

  • Hiroyuki Miyazaki

    (Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8568, Japan)

  • Apichon Witayangkurn

    (Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8568, Japan)

  • Sohee Minsun Kim

    (School of Environment, Resources and Development, Department of Development and Sustainability, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand)

Abstract

Public transport service has been promoted to reduce the problems of traffic congestion and environmental impacts due to car dependency. Several public transportation modes are available in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) such as buses, heavy rails, vans, boats, taxis, and trains while in some areas have fewer modes of public transport available. The disparity of public transport service negatively impacts social equity. This study aims to identify the gaps between public transport supply and demand and to demonstrate introduced indicators to assess the public transport performance incorporating transport capacity and equilibrium access aspects. Supply index was used to evaluate the level of service, and the demand index was applied to estimate travel needs. Furthermore, the Lorenz curves and the Gini coefficients were used to measure the equity of public transport. The results highlight that more than half of the BMR population is living in low-supply high-demand areas for public transportation. Moreover, the equitable access analysis has identified that the high-income population has better access to public transport than the low-income population. The results suggest that public transport gaps and equity indicate the inclusiveness of public transportation, as well as to the areas where to improve the public transport service. Thus, the methodology used in this study can be applied to another city or region similar to BMR.

Suggested Citation

  • Apantri Peungnumsai & Hiroyuki Miyazaki & Apichon Witayangkurn & Sohee Minsun Kim, 2020. "A Grid-Based Spatial Analysis for Detecting Supply–Demand Gaps of Public Transports: A Case Study of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-27, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10382-:d:460728
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    2. Masanobu Kii & Yuki Goda & Varameth Vichiensan & Hiroyuki Miyazaki & Rolf Moeckel, 2021. "Assessment of Spatiotemporal Peak Shift of Intra-Urban Transportation Taking a Case in Bangkok, Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-16, June.

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