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Assessing Spatial Configurations and Transport Energy Usage for Planning Sustainable Communities

Author

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  • Remco de Koning

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5020 Bergen, Norway)

  • Wendy Guan Zhen Tan

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5020 Bergen, Norway
    Landscape Architecture and Spatial Planning, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands)

  • Akkelies van Nes

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5020 Bergen, Norway
    Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture, TU-Delft, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Energy usage in cities is intertwined with its spatial configuration—the denser and more compact the city, the more concentrated and efficient the energy usage is to be expected. To achieve sustainable communities, cities (and their inhabitants) must reconsider its spatial configurations in the context of rapid urbanisation and growth in light of limited resources and conflicting spatial claims. This article seeks to understand how spatial configurations affect transport energy usage in cities and propose an integrated assessment approach factoring spatial configurational analysis in relation to transport energy usage at the micro- and macroscale. Comparing Bergen, Norway, and Zürich, Switzerland, findings showed that spatial configurations were positively correlated to transport energy usage. Street structures suitable for walking and less suitable for car traffic tended to exhibit lower amounts of energy usage. Following this, nine typologies of transport and land use patterns are described to support planning for more sustainable means of transport.

Suggested Citation

  • Remco de Koning & Wendy Guan Zhen Tan & Akkelies van Nes, 2020. "Assessing Spatial Configurations and Transport Energy Usage for Planning Sustainable Communities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-23, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:19:p:8146-:d:423046
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Feng Xie & David Levinson, 2009. "Modeling the Growth of Transportation Networks: A Comprehensive Review," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 9(3), pages 291-307, September.
    2. Akkelies van Nes & Claudia Yamu, 2020. "Exploring Challenges in Space Syntax Theory Building: The Use of Positivist and Hermeneutic Explanatory Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Isti Hidayati & Claudia Yamu & Wendy Tan, 2019. "The Emergence of Mobility Inequality in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia: A Socio-Spatial Analysis of Path Dependencies in Transport–Land Use Policies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-18, September.
    4. Banister, David, 2008. "The sustainable mobility paradigm," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 73-80, March.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Walid-Mahfoud Djenaihi & Noureddine Zemmouri & Moussadek Djenane & Akkelies van Nes, 2021. "Noise and Spatial Configuration in Biskra, Algeria—A Space Syntax Approach to Understand the Built Environment for Visually Impaired People," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-24, October.
    2. Ferenc Bakó & Judit Berkes & Cecília Szigeti, 2021. "Households’ Electricity Consumption in Hungarian Urban Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-23, May.
    3. Jacek Oskarbski & Krystian Birr & Karol Żarski, 2021. "Bicycle Traffic Model for Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-36, September.
    4. Claudia Yamu & Akkelies van Nes & Chiara Garau, 2021. "Bill Hillier’s Legacy: Space Syntax—A Synopsis of Basic Concepts, Measures, and Empirical Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-25, March.
    5. Akkelies van Nes, 2021. "Spatial Configurations and Walkability Potentials. Measuring Urban Compactness with Space Syntax," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, May.

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