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Spider Webs and Lichens as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals: A Comparison Study in the Vicinity of a Copper Smelter (Poland)

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  • Agnieszka Stojanowska

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Justyna Rybak

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Marta Bożym

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Environmental Protection, Opole University of Technology, 5 Mikołajczyka Str., 45-271 Opole, Poland)

  • Tomasz Olszowski

    (Department of Thermal Engineering and Industrial Facilities, Opole University of Technology, 45−271 Opole, Poland)

  • Jan Stefan Bihałowicz

    (Institute of Safety Engineering, The Main School of Fire Service, 52/54, Słowackiego St.,01-629 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

This paper presents the comparison of heavy metals accumulation in spider webs from Agelenidae family ( Eratigena atrica and Agelena labyrinthica ) and lichens Hypogymnia physodes , exposed to pollution for two months. Webs were obtained from the laboratory-reared spiders and stretched on Petri dish while lichens were transplanted from Stobrawa Landscape Park into the study area. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and As were determined in both biomonitors and the elevated values indicated the impact of the copper smelter and surrounding roads. Our study revealed that webs were more sensitive than lichens to emissions of pollutants, and for all of the studied elements, the determined concentrations were much higher for spider webs. The results of similarity tests showed a clear difference among the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni and As in lichens and spider webs, with the exception of Pb, suggesting that this element could be accumulated in a similar way by both bioindicators. These differences are probably due to their morphological and ecological dissimilarities suggesting that spider webs should be favorably applied where the use of lichens is improper due to the drought, which is an unfavorable condition for accumulation of elements in lichens, or their limited uptake of elements.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnieszka Stojanowska & Justyna Rybak & Marta Bożym & Tomasz Olszowski & Jan Stefan Bihałowicz, 2020. "Spider Webs and Lichens as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals: A Comparison Study in the Vicinity of a Copper Smelter (Poland)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:19:p:8066-:d:421872
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. William P. Jones & George W. Furnas, 1987. "Pictures of relevance: A geometric analysis of similarity measures," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 38(6), pages 420-442, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Magdalena Wróbel & Agnieszka Trzyna & Farhad Zeynalli & Justyna Rybak, 2022. "The Comprehensive Health Risk Assessment of Polish Smelters with Ecotoxicological Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, October.

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