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Evaluation of Water Quality Interaction by Dam and Weir Operation Using SWAT in the Nakdong River Basin of South Korea

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  • Jiwan Lee

    (Graduate School of Civil, Environmental and Plant Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Yonggwan Lee

    (Graduate School of Civil, Environmental and Plant Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Soyoung Woo

    (Graduate School of Civil, Environmental and Plant Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Wonjin Kim

    (Graduate School of Civil, Environmental and Plant Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Seongjoon Kim

    (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the streamflow and water quality (SS, T-N, and T-P) interaction of the Nakdong river basin (23,609.3 km 2 ) by simulating dam and weir operation scenarios using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The operation scenarios tested were dam control (Scenario 1), dam control and weir gate control (Scenario 2), dam control and sequential release of the weirs with a one-month interval between each weir (Scenario 3), dam control and weir gate full open (Scenario 4), dam control and weir gate sequential full open (Scenario 5), weir gate control (Scenario 6), weir gate full open (Scenario 7), and weir gate sequential full open (Scenario 8). Before evaluation, the SWAT was calibrated and validated using 13 years (2005–2017) of daily multi-purpose dam inflow data from five locations ((Andong Dam (ADD), Imha Dam (IHD), Hapcheon Dam (HCD), Namkang Dam (NKD), and Milyang Dam (MYD))multi-function weir inflow data from seven locations (Sangju Weir (SJW), Gumi Weir (GMW), Chilgok Weir (CGW), Gangjeong-Goryeong Weir (GJW), Dalseong Weir (DSW), Hapcheon-Changnyeong Weir (HCW), and Changnyeong-Haman Weir (HAW)), and monthly water quality monitoring data from six locations (Andong-4 (AD-4), Sangju (SJ-2), Waegwan (WG), Hapcheon (HC), Namkang-4 (NK-4), and Mulgeum (MG). For the dam inflows and dam storage, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) was 0.59~0.78, and the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) was 0.71~0.90. For water quality, the R 2 values of SS, T-N, and T-P were 0.58~0.83, 0.53~0.68, and 0.56~0.79, respectively. For the eight dam and weir release scenarios suggested by the Ministry of Environment, Scenarios 4 and 8 exhibited water quality improvement effects compared to the observed data.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiwan Lee & Yonggwan Lee & Soyoung Woo & Wonjin Kim & Seongjoon Kim, 2020. "Evaluation of Water Quality Interaction by Dam and Weir Operation Using SWAT in the Nakdong River Basin of South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:17:p:6845-:d:402931
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shi, Yingyuan & Xu, Gaohong & Wang, Yonggui & Engel, Bernard A. & Peng, Hong & Zhang, Wanshun & Cheng, Meiling & Dai, Minglong, 2017. "Modelling hydrology and water quality processes in the Pengxi River basin of the Three Gorges Reservoir using the soil and water assessment tool," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 24-38.
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    Cited by:

    1. Farzana Raihan & Gabrijel Ondrasek & Mohammad Shahidul Islam & Joseph M. Maina & Linda J. Beaumont, 2021. "Combined Impacts of Climate and Land Use Changes on Long-Term Streamflow in the Upper Halda Basin, Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Mateusz Hämmerling & Joanna Kocięcka & Stanisław Zaborowski, 2021. "AHP as a Useful Tool in the Assessment of the Technical Condition of Hydrotechnical Constructions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-26, January.

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