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Optimized Energy Cost and Carbon Emission-Aware Virtual Machine Allocation in Sustainable Data Centers

Author

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  • T. Renugadevi

    (School of Computing, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India)

  • K. Geetha

    (School of Computing, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India)

  • K. Muthukumar

    (School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India)

  • Zong Woo Geem

    (Department of Energy IT, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea)

Abstract

Cloud data center’s total operating cost is conquered by electricity cost and carbon tax incurred due to energy consumption from the grid and its associated carbon emission. In this work, we consider geo-distributed sustainable datacenter’s with varying on-site green energy generation, electricity prices, carbon intensity and carbon tax. The objective function is devised to reduce the operating cost including electricity cost and carbon cost incurred on the power consumption of servers and cooling devices. We propose renewable-aware algorithms to schedule the workload to the data centers with an aim to maximize the green energy usage. Due to the uncertainty and time variant nature of renewable energy availability, an investigation is performed to identify the impact of carbon footprint, carbon tax and electricity cost in data center selection on total operating cost reduction. In addition, on-demand dynamic optimal frequency-based load distribution within the cluster nodes is performed to eliminate hot spots due to high processor utilization. The work suggests optimal virtual machine placement decision to maximize green energy usage with reduced operating cost and carbon emission.

Suggested Citation

  • T. Renugadevi & K. Geetha & K. Muthukumar & Zong Woo Geem, 2020. "Optimized Energy Cost and Carbon Emission-Aware Virtual Machine Allocation in Sustainable Data Centers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-27, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:16:p:6383-:d:396093
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shuja, Junaid & Gani, Abdullah & Shamshirband, Shahaboddin & Ahmad, Raja Wasim & Bilal, Kashif, 2016. "Sustainable Cloud Data Centers: A survey of enabling techniques and technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 195-214.
    2. Iván Tomás Cotes-Ruiz & Rocío P Prado & Sebastián García-Galán & José Enrique Muñoz-Expósito & Nicolás Ruiz-Reyes, 2017. "Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling Simulator for Real Workflows Energy-Aware Management in Green Cloud Computing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-30, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Jing & Munankarmi, Prateek & Maguire, Jeff & Shi, Chengnan & Zuo, Wangda & Roberts, David & Jin, Xin, 2022. "Carbon emission responsive building control: A case study with an all-electric residential community in a cold climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    2. Alan A. Ahi & Noemi Sinkovics & Rudolf R. Sinkovics, 2023. "E-commerce Policy and the Global Economy: A Path to More Inclusive Development?," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 63(1), pages 27-56, February.
    3. Xihao Wang & Xiaojun Wang & Yuqing Liu & Chun Xiao & Rongsheng Zhao & Ye Yang & Zhao Liu, 2022. "A Sustainability Improvement Strategy of Interconnected Data Centers Based on Dispatching Potential of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, June.

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