IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i14p5806-d386779.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Environmental Risk Evaluation and Source Identification of Heavy Metal(loid)s in Agricultural Soil of Shangdan Valley, Northwest China

Author

Listed:
  • Sukai Zhuang

    (Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
    College of Chemical Engineering and Modern Materials/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Tailings Resources, Shangluo University, Shangluo 726000, China)

  • Xinwei Lu

    (Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

Abstract

To understand the environmental quality and heavy metal(loid) pollution of farmlands in Shangdan Valley, the contents of macroelements (Na, K, Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Ti, P, S, Cl, Br) and heavy metal(loid)s (Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr, As) were surveyed by the X-ray fluorescence method. The pollution degree and ecological risk of the heavy metal(loid)s were judged by the Nemerow synthetic pollution index, geo-accumulation index, and potential ecological risk index, and their sources were identified by the multivariate statistic method. The mean contents of nine heavy metal(loid)s in Shangdan Valley farmland soil exceeded their corresponding reference values. Soils were not contaminated with As, Cr, Mn, and Ni but were slightly contaminated with Co, Cu, Pb, V, and Zn. Their comprehensive pollution levels were moderate to serious. The ecological risk index of single heavy metal(loid) decreased in the sequence As > Pb > Co > Cu > Ni > V > Zn > Cr > Mn. The source analysis results indicated that Cu, Pb, Zn, and As were highly affected by anthropogenic inputs, e.g., metal smelting and agricultural activities, while Mn, Ni, Cr, and V were principally derived from a natural source. As for Co, it was affected by a mixture source of nature, fossil fuel combustion, and fertilizer.

Suggested Citation

  • Sukai Zhuang & Xinwei Lu, 2020. "Environmental Risk Evaluation and Source Identification of Heavy Metal(loid)s in Agricultural Soil of Shangdan Valley, Northwest China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-15, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5806-:d:386779
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/14/5806/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/14/5806/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dingxuan Yan & Zhongke Bai & Xiaoyang Liu, 2020. "Heavy-Metal Pollution Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Agricultural Soils: Evidence from Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Songlin Zhang & Yuan Liu & Yujing Yang & Xilu Ni & Muhammad Arif & Wokadala Charles & Changxiao Li, 2020. "Trace Elements in Soils of a Typical Industrial District in Ningxia, Northwest China: Pollution, Source, and Risk Evaluation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Danica Fazekašová & Juraj Fazekaš, 2020. "Soil Quality and Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Iron Ore Mines in Nizna Slana (Slovakia)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-15, March.
    4. Dandan Wang & Qinghai Xu & Qingrong Zheng & Liwei Wu, 2020. "Assessment of the Health Effects of Heavy Metals Pollution of Agricultural Soils in the Iron Ore Mining Area of the Northern Piedmont of Mount Wutai, Shanxi Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-13, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rui Zhao & Kening Wu & Xiaoliang Li & Nan Gao & Mingming Yu, 2021. "Discussion on the Unified Survey and Evaluation of Cultivated Land Quality at County Scale for China’s 3rd National Land Survey: A Case Study of Wen County, Henan Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-26, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chengai Liu & Liwen Yi & Anhuai Lu & Binggeng Xie & Hanfang Peng, 2021. "Evaluating Metal(loid)s Contamination in Soil of a Typical In-Dustry Smelting Site in South Central China: Levels, Possible Sources and Human Health Risk Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Vyacheslav Polyakov & Alexander Kozlov & Azamat Suleymanov & Evgeny Abakumov, 2021. "Soil pollution status of urban soils in St. Petersburg city, North-west of Russia," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 16(3), pages 164-173.
    3. Blinová Lenka & Godovčin Peter, 2021. "Importance of Recycling the Waste-Cables Containing Copper and PVC," Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology, Sciendo, vol. 29(48), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Ana Moldovan & Anamaria Iulia Török & Eniko Kovacs & Oana Cadar & Ionuț Cornel Mirea & Valer Micle, 2022. "Metal Contents and Pollution Indices Assessment of Surface Water, Soil, and Sediment from the Arieș River Basin Mining Area, Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-21, June.
    5. Hongmei Dong & Jingbo Zhao & Mengping Xie, 2021. "Heavy Metal Concentrations in Orchard Soils with Different Cultivation Durations and Their Potential Ecological Risks in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-11, April.
    6. Fuling Zhang & Guangchao Cao & Shengkui Cao & Zhuo Zhang & Hongda Li & Gang Jiang, 2023. "Characteristics and Potential Ecological Risks of Heavy Metal Content in the Soil of a Plateau Alpine Mining Area in the Qilian Mountains," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, September.
    7. Danyang Yu & Jingran Wang & Yanhong Wang & Xueli Du & Guochen Li & Bo Li, 2021. "Identifying the Source of Heavy Metal Pollution and Apportionment in Agricultural Soils Impacted by Different Smelters in China by the Positive Matrix Factorization Model and the Pb Isotope Ratio Meth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    8. Huiyun Pan & Xinwei Lu & Kai Lei, 2020. "Contamination Identification of Trace Metals in Roadway Dust of a Typical Mountainous County in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China, and its Relationships with Socio-Economic Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-15, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5806-:d:386779. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.