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Spatiotemporal Differences and Dynamic Evolution of PM 2.5 Pollution in China

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  • Huanhuan Xiong

    (Research Center of the Central China Economic Development, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
    School of Economics and Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China)

  • Lingyu Lan

    (School of Economics and Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China)

  • Longwu Liang

    (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China)

  • Yaobin Liu

    (Research Center of the Central China Economic Development, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
    School of Economics and Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China)

  • Xiaoyu Xu

    (School of Qianhu, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China)

Abstract

Air pollution, especially the urban haze, has become an urgent issue affecting the sustainable development of cities. Based on the PM 2.5 concentration data of 225 Chinese cities collected by satellite remote sensing from 1998 to 2016, we quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and dynamic evolution trends of PM 2.5 concentration in the four regions of China, namely the East, the Central, the West and the Northeast, by using statistical classification, GIS visualization, Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition and kernel density estimation. The results are as follows: First, the PM 2.5 pollution in China showed a trend of fluctuation, which appeared to be increasing first and then decreasing, with the year 2007 as an important turning point for PM 2.5 pollution changes across the country, as well as in the eastern and central regions. Second, PM 2.5 pollution in China had significant spatial agglomeration. The intra-regional difference within the eastern region was the largest, and the inter-regional differences were the main source of overall differences. Third, kernel density estimation showed that the absolute difference of PM 2.5 concentration distribution in China was expanding, with a significant phenomenon of polarization and the characteristics of spatial imbalance. This paper aimed to provide a scientific basis and effective reference for further advancing the sustainable development strategy of China in the new era.

Suggested Citation

  • Huanhuan Xiong & Lingyu Lan & Longwu Liang & Yaobin Liu & Xiaoyu Xu, 2020. "Spatiotemporal Differences and Dynamic Evolution of PM 2.5 Pollution in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:13:p:5349-:d:379279
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chuanglin Fang & Haimeng Liu & Guangdong Li & Dongqi Sun & Zhuang Miao, 2015. "Estimating the Impact of Urbanization on Air Quality in China Using Spatial Regression Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-23, November.
    2. Shen Zhao & Yong Xu, 2019. "Exploring the Spatial Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of PM 2.5 Pollution in China: Evidence from 289 Chinese Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Dagum, Camilo, 1997. "A New Approach to the Decomposition of the Gini Income Inequality Ratio," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 515-531.
    4. Hui Wang & Guangxing Ji & Jisheng Xia, 2019. "Analysis of Regional Differences in Energy-Related PM 2.5 Emissions in China: Influencing Factors and Mitigation Countermeasures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuting Xue & Kai Liu, 2022. "Regional Differences, Distribution Dynamics, and Convergence of Air Quality in Urban Agglomerations in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Shengyun Wang & Yaxin Zhang & Huwei Wen, 2021. "Comprehensive Measurement and Regional Imbalance of China’s Green Development Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-20, January.

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