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Port-Related Emissions, Environmental Impacts and Their Implication on Green Traffic Policy in Shanghai

Author

Listed:
  • Yuyan Zhou

    (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China)

  • Yan Zhang

    (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
    Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), Shanghai 200062, China
    Big Data Institute for Carbon Emission and Environmental Pollution, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China)

  • Dong Ma

    (State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China)

  • Jun Lu

    (Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science, Shanghai 200233, China)

  • Wenbin Luo

    (Shanghai International Port Group Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200080, China)

  • Yu Fu

    (Shanghai International Port Group Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200080, China)

  • Shanshan Li

    (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China)

  • Junlan Feng

    (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China)

  • Cheng Huang

    (Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science, Shanghai 200233, China)

  • Wangqi Ge

    (Shanghai Urban-Rural Construction and Transportation Development Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China)

  • Hong Zhu

    (Shanghai Urban-Rural Construction and Transportation Development Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, China)

Abstract

The port of Shanghai, as the world’s largest container port, has been experiencing rapid development in recent years, with increasing cargo throughput capacity. The combustion of diesel fuels used by internal and external port-related container trucks and in-port machineries can release various pollutants, causing air pollution. The terminals are close to the residential area, and the emissions are concentrated, which is worth paying attention to. This study aims to synthetically assess the port-related emissions and their environmental impacts. We firstly constructed an emission inventory of air pollutants in the port of Shanghai and then used the WRF-CMAQ model to estimate the influence of port-related source emissions on air quality. The results show that the annual emissions of SO 2 , NO X , CO, VOC S , PM, PM 10 , PM 2.5 , CO 2 , BC and OC caused by cargo-handling equipment were 21.88 t, 1811.22 t, 1741.72 t, 222.76 t, 61.52 t, 61.42 t, 58.41 t, 141,805.40 t, 26.80 t and 10.07 t in 2015. The emissions of NO X , CO, VOC S , PM 10 and PM 2.5 caused by external port-related container trucks were 18,002.92 t, 5308.0 t, 1134.57 t, 711.12 t and 640.58 t. The exhaust of external port-related container trucks was much larger than that of cargo-handling equipment, so the impact on air quality was also higher than that of the machinery. The peak annual average concentrations of PM 2.5 and NO X contributed by the port-related sources were 1.75 μg/m 3 and 49.21 μg/m 3 , respectively, which accounted for 3.08% and 36.7%, respectively, of the simulated ambient concentrations by all the anthropogenic emissions in Shanghai. Our results imply that the emission control policy to reduce the combined port-related emissions, especially for the cargo-delivery transportation phase from port to city, is key for large coastal port cities such as Shanghai.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuyan Zhou & Yan Zhang & Dong Ma & Jun Lu & Wenbin Luo & Yu Fu & Shanshan Li & Junlan Feng & Cheng Huang & Wangqi Ge & Hong Zhu, 2020. "Port-Related Emissions, Environmental Impacts and Their Implication on Green Traffic Policy in Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:10:p:4162-:d:360362
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jingzheng Ren & Liang Dong & Lu Sun, 2018. "Competitiveness prioritisation of container ports in Asia under the background of China’s Belt and Road initiative," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(4), pages 436-456, July.
    2. Naixia Mou & Chunying Wang & Tengfei Yang & Lingxian Zhang, 2020. "Evaluation of Development Potential of Ports in the Yangtze River Delta Using FAHP-Entropy Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-24, January.
    3. Yan Li & Xiaohan Zhang & Kaiyue Lin & Qingbo Huang, 2019. "The Analysis of a Simulation of a Port–City Green Cooperative Development, Based on System Dynamics: A Case Study of Shanghai Port, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-20, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Neven Grubisic & Tomislav Krljan & Livia Maglić & Siniša Vilke, 2020. "The Microsimulation Model for Assessing the Impact of Inbound Traffic Flows for Container Terminals Located near City Centers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Jinpeng Liu & Delin Wei, 2020. "Analysis and Measurement of Carbon Emission Aggregation and Spillover Effects in China: Based on a Sectoral Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    3. Zhengxin He & Jasmine Siu Lee Lam & Maohan Liang, 2023. "Impact of Disruption on Ship Emissions in Port: Case of Pandemic in Long Beach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, April.
    4. Fang Zhang & Yi Han & Bailin Cong, 2021. "Reflections Based on Pollution Changes Brought by COVID-19 Lockdown in Shanghai," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-14, October.

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