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Villagers’ Perceptions of Tourism Activities in Iona National Park: Locality as a Key Factor in Planning for Sustainability

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  • Jorge Morais

    (Department of Landscape, Environment and Planning, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal)

  • Rui Alexandre Castanho

    (Faculty of Applied Sciences, WSB University, 41-300 Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
    Institute of Research on Territorial Governance and Inter-Organizational Cooperation, 41-300 Dabrowa Górnicza, Poland
    VALORIZA—Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, 7300 Portalegre, Portugal
    Environmental Resources Analysis Research Group (ARAM). University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain)

  • Luis Loures

    (Institute of Research on Territorial Governance and Inter-Organizational Cooperation, 41-300 Dabrowa Górnicza, Poland
    VALORIZA—Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, 7300 Portalegre, Portugal
    Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre (IPP), 7300 Portalegre, Portugal
    Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being (CinTurs), University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal)

  • Carlos Pinto-Gomes

    (Department of Landscape, Environment and Planning, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
    Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (ICAAM), University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal)

  • Pedro Santos

    (Department of Landscape, Environment and Planning, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
    Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (ICAAM), University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal)

Abstract

Local people’s perception of nature-based tourism evolution and consequent impacts on their well-being are crucial in promoting ecotourism and achieving sustainable development. This study focused on indigenous populations’ attitudes concerning tourism activities taking place in the Iona National Park, located in the Namibe Province of Angola, where ecotourism is considered an anchor product and is expected to become an economic driver of major importance. To obtain information that is useful for a changing tourism management in order to increase rural communities’ well-being, we conducted a survey addressing local people’s perceptions about the following main topics: perception of the presence of visitors and of their activities; present and prospective positive and negative effects of the park; and government policies that should be developed in the near future. The research shows that most respondents’ perceptions strongly vary according to locality. The level of urbanization and the distance to the core areas of touristic activities appear to be the main factors driving the villagers’ perception polarization. Thus, conflicting interests between nature conservation and local populations’ well-being should be addressed and managed according to locality profiles, with some exceptions, such as ensuring the entire population has access to pastoral lands.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Morais & Rui Alexandre Castanho & Luis Loures & Carlos Pinto-Gomes & Pedro Santos, 2019. "Villagers’ Perceptions of Tourism Activities in Iona National Park: Locality as a Key Factor in Planning for Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-18, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:16:p:4448-:d:258457
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Gualter Couto & Rui Alexandre Castanho & Carlos Santos & Pedro Pimentel & Áurea Sousa & Sandra Faria & Maria da Graça Batista, 2021. "Guidelines for Tourism Sustainability in Ultra-Peripheral Territories: A Research Based on the Azores Region’s Touristic Companies’ Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Asyma Koshim & Aigul Sergeyeva & Yerkin Kakimzhanov & Aliya Aktymbayeva & Mereke Sakypbek & Akmaral Sapiyeva, 2023. "Sustainable Development of Ecotourism in “Altynemel” National Park, Kazakhstan: Assessment through the Perception of Residents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, May.
    3. Gualter Couto & Rui Alexandre Castanho & Pedro Pimentel & Célia Carvalho & Áurea Sousa & Carlos Santos, 2020. "The Impacts of COVID-19 Crisis over the Tourism Expectations of the Azores Archipelago Residents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-14, September.
    4. Rui Alexandre Castanho & Gualter Couto & Pedro Pimentel & Célia Barreto Carvalho & Áurea Sousa, 2020. "Territorial Management and Governance, Regional Public Policies and their Relationship with Tourism. A Case Study of the Azores Autonomous Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-16, July.
    5. Angel Geovanni Ambrosio Arias & Jesús Jaime Moreno Escobar & Ricardo Tejeida Padilla & Oswaldo Morales Matamoros, 2020. "Historical-Cultural Sustainability Model for Archaeological Sites in Mexico Using Virtual Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-25, September.
    6. Małgorzata Sztubecka & Alicja Maciejko & Marta Skiba, 2022. "The Landscape of the Spa Parks Creation through Components Influencing Environmental Perception Using Multi-Criteria Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-17, May.
    7. Greg Munno & Álvaro Salas Castro & Tina Nabatchi & Christian M. Freitag, 2022. "Four Perspectives on a Sustainable Future in Nosara, Costa Rica," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-23, December.

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