IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v11y2019i12p3368-d240744.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effects of Road Access on Income Generation. Evidence from An Integrated Conservation and Development Project in Cameroon

Author

Listed:
  • Ina-Kathrin Spey

    (Department of Conservation Biology/Workgroup on Endangered Species, Georg-August Universität Göttingen; Bürgerstrasse 50, 37073 Göttingen, Germany)

  • Denis Kupsch

    (Department of Conservation Biology/Workgroup on Endangered Species, Georg-August Universität Göttingen; Bürgerstrasse 50, 37073 Göttingen, Germany)

  • Kadiri Serge Bobo

    (Department of Forestry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box: 222 Dschang, Cameroon)

  • Matthias Waltert

    (Department of Conservation Biology/Workgroup on Endangered Species, Georg-August Universität Göttingen; Bürgerstrasse 50, 37073 Göttingen, Germany)

  • Stefan Schwarze

    (Institute of Rural Studies, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany)

Abstract

Many integrated conservation and development projects use road construction to induce a shift in income activities, since road access can reduce both poverty and environmental degradation. There is, however, little empirical evidence on the effects of road access on income patterns. We contribute to existing literature by analyzing the effects of road access on income activity choice in Korup National Park, Cameroon using a difference-in-difference approach. Road access led to a rise in total household income by 38% due to higher household participation in self-employment and wage labor. We neither found an effect on income from crop farming nor on participation in hunting activities. The effects of road access can be diverse and unforeseeable. Road construction in protected areas should thus be carefully considered and planned and only be implemented when other options are not feasible.

Suggested Citation

  • Ina-Kathrin Spey & Denis Kupsch & Kadiri Serge Bobo & Matthias Waltert & Stefan Schwarze, 2019. "The Effects of Road Access on Income Generation. Evidence from An Integrated Conservation and Development Project in Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:12:p:3368-:d:240744
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/12/3368/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/12/3368/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Peter Warr, 2008. "How road improvement reduces poverty: the case of Laos," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 39(3), pages 269-279, November.
    2. William F. Laurance & Andrew Balmford, 2013. "A global map for road building," Nature, Nature, vol. 495(7441), pages 308-309, March.
    3. Shahidur R. Khandker & Gayatri B. Koolwal & Hussain A. Samad, 2010. "Handbook on Impact Evaluation : Quantitative Methods and Practices," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2693.
    4. Johannesen, Anne Borge, 2005. "Wildlife conservation policies and incentives to hunt: an empirical analysis of illegal hunting in western Serengeti, Tanzania," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 10(3), pages 271-292, June.
    5. Siewe Siewe & Jacqueline M. Vadjunec & Beth Caniglia, 2017. "The Politics of Land Use in the Korup National Park," Land, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-22, January.
    6. Lindy C. Charlery & Matin Qaim & Carsten Smith-Hall, 2016. "Impact of infrastructure on rural household income and inequality in Nepal," Journal of Development Effectiveness, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(2), pages 266-286, June.
    7. Peter Warr, 2010. "Roads And Poverty In Rural Laos: An Econometric Analysis," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(1), pages 152-169, February.
    8. Lindy Charlery & Martin R. Nielsen & Henrik Meilby & Carsten Smith-Hall, 2016. "Effects of New Roads on Environmental Resource Use in the Central Himalaya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-20, April.
    9. Teja Tscharntke & Michael E Hochberg & Tatyana A Rand & Vincent H Resh & Jochen Krauss, 2007. "Author Sequence and Credit for Contributions in Multiauthored Publications," PLOS Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(1), pages 1-2, January.
    10. Jacob Mincer, 1958. "Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 66(4), pages 281-281.
    11. Gina Porter, 2014. "Transport Services and Their Impact on Poverty and Growth in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Recent Research and Future Research Needs," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(1), pages 25-45, January.
    12. Meyer, Bruce D, 1995. "Natural and Quasi-experiments in Economics," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 13(2), pages 151-161, April.
    13. Mahrizal & L. Lanier Nalley & Bruce L. Dixon & Jennie S. Popp, 2014. "An optimal phased replanting approach for cocoa trees with application to Ghana," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 45(3), pages 291-302, May.
    14. Gibson, John & Rozelle, Scott, 2002. "Poverty And Access To Infrastructure In Papua New Guinea," Working Papers 11944, University of California, Davis, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
    15. Christopher B. Barrett & Peter Arcese, 1998. "Wildlife Harvest in Integrated Conservation and Development Projects: Linking Harvest to Household Demand, Agricultural Production, and Environmental Shocks in the Serengeti," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 74(4), pages 449-465.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Noah Kaiser & Christina K. Barstow, 2022. "Rural Transportation Infrastructure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Review of Impacts, Implications, and Interventions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-48, February.
    2. Sadeghi, Azin & Zhunusova, Eliza & Günter, Sven & Dieter, Matthias, 2023. "Households' livelihood in restricted forest landscapes: What is the impact of contextual factors?," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lindy Charlery & Martin R. Nielsen & Henrik Meilby & Carsten Smith-Hall, 2016. "Effects of New Roads on Environmental Resource Use in the Central Himalaya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-20, April.
    2. Peter Davis & Bob Baulch, 2010. "Casting the net wide and deep: lessons learned in a mixed-methods study of poverty dynamics in rural Bangladesh," Working Papers id:2674, eSocialSciences.
    3. Tiwari, Smriti, 2017. "Does Local Development Influence Outmigration Decisions? Evidence from Indonesia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 108-124.
    4. Johannesen, Anne Borge, 2007. "Protected areas, wildlife conservation, and local welfare," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 126-135, April.
    5. Francis Tsiboe & Bruce L. Dixon & Lawton L. Nalley & Jennie S. Popp & Jeff Luckstead, 2016. "Estimating the impact of farmer field schools in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of cocoa," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 47(3), pages 329-339, May.
    6. Idrisov, Georgiy (Идрисов, Георгий) & Taganov, B.V. (Таганов, Б.), 2016. "Research of the Effect of Growth of Openness of the Russian Economy on Income Inequality in Russia [Исследование Влияния Роста Открытости Российской Экономики На Неравенство Доходов Населения В Рос," Working Papers 3136, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
    7. Rentsch, Dennis & Damon, Amy, 2013. "Prices, poaching, and protein alternatives: An analysis of bushmeat consumption around Serengeti National Park, Tanzania," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1-9.
    8. Johannesen, Anne Borge, 2006. "Designing integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs): illegal hunting, wildlife conservation, and the welfare of the local people," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(2), pages 247-267, April.
    9. Suchi Kapoor Malhotra & Howard White & Nina Ashley O. Dela Cruz & Ashrita Saran & John Eyers & Denny John & Ella Beveridge & Nina Blöndal, 2021. "Studies of the effectiveness of transport sector interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries: An evidence and gap map," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(4), December.
    10. Jacob Maxwell & Robert Pryce & Luke B. Wilson, 2022. "The impact of increasing the United Kingdom national minimum wage on self‐reported health," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(6), pages 1167-1183, June.
    11. Kemigisha, Esther & Babweteera, Fred & Mugisha, Johnny & Angelsen, Arild, 2023. "Payment for environmental services to reduce deforestation: Do the positive effects last?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    12. Julio Aguirre & Elmer Guerrero & Yohnny Campana, 2021. "How effective are protected natural areas when roads are present? An analysis of the Peruvian case," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Springer;Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 23(4), pages 831-859, October.
    13. Francisco Pedraja-Chaparro & Daniel Santín & Rosa Simancas, 2016. "The impact of immigrant concentration in schools on grade retention in Spain: a difference-in-differences approach," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(21), pages 1978-1990, May.
    14. Shahid Hussain & Fangwei Zhu & Zaigham Ali & Xiaohang Xu, 2017. "Rural Residents’ Perception of Construction Project Delays in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-16, November.
    15. Ruth Marcela Aparicio, 2014. "Terms of trade and non-traditional exports: a microeconometric analysis," Investigación & Desarrollo, Universidad Privada Boliviana, vol. 2(1), pages 26-41.
    16. Kristinn Hermannsson & Patrizio Lecca, 2016. "Human Capital in Economic Development: From Labour Productivity to Macroeconomic Impact," Economic Papers, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 35(1), pages 24-36, March.
    17. Villas-Boas, Sofia B, 2020. "Reduced Form Evidence on Belief Updating Under Asymmetric Information," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series qt08c456vk, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley.
    18. Chaudhuri, Sarbajit & Ghosh, Arnab & Banerjee, Dibyendu, 2018. "Can public subsidy on education necessarily improve wage inequality?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 165-177.
    19. Tommaso AGASISTI & Geraint JOHNES & Marco PACCAGNELLA, 2021. "Tasks, occupations and wages in OECD countries," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 160(1), pages 85-112, March.
    20. KAMKOUM, Arnaud Cedric, 2023. "The Federal Reserve’s Response to the Global Financial Crisis and its Effects: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of the Impact of its Quantitative Easing Programs," Thesis Commons d7pvg, Center for Open Science.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:12:p:3368-:d:240744. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.