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Updating Carbon Storage Capacity of Spanish Cements

Author

Listed:
  • Carmen Andrade

    (International Center of Numerical Methods in Engineering, CIMNE, Paseo General Martínez Campos, 41, 9°, 28010 Madrid, Spain)

  • Miguel Ángel Sanjuán

    (Spanish Institute of Cement and its Applications (IECA), C/José Abascal, 53, 28003 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The fabrication of cement clinker releases CO 2 due to the calcination of the limestone used as raw material, which contributes to the greenhouse effect. The industry is involved in a process of reducing this amount liberated to the atmosphere by mainly lowering the amount of clinker in the cements. The cement-based materials, such as concrete and mortars, combine part of this CO 2 by a process called “carbonation”. Carbonation has been studied lately mainly due to the fact that it induces the corrosion of steel reinforcement when bringing the CO 2 front to the surface of the reinforcing bars. Thus, the “rate of carbonation” of the concrete cover is characterized by and linked to the length of service life of concrete structures. The studies on how much CO 2 is fixed by the hydrated phases are scarce and even less has been studied the influence of the type of cement. In present work, 15 cements were used to fabricate paste and concrete specimens withwater/cement (w/c) ratios of 0.6 and 0.45 which reproduce typical concretes for buildings and infrastructures. The amount of carbon dioxide uptake was measured through thermal gravimetry. The degree of carbonation, (DoC) is defined as the CO 2 fixed with respect to the total theoretical maximum and the carbon storage capacity (CSC) as the carbonation uptake by a concrete element, a family or the whole inventory of a region or country. The results in the pastes where analyzed with respect to the uptake by concretes and indicated that: (a) the humidity of the pores is a critical parameter that favours the carbonation reaction as higher is the humidity (within the normal atmospheric values), (b) all types of cement uptake CO 2 in function of the CaO of the clinker except the binders having slags, which can uptake additional CO 2 giving aDoC near or above 100%. The CSC of Spain has been updated with respect to a previous publication resulting in proportions of 10.8–11.2% of the calcination emissions, through considering a ratio of “surface exposed/volume of the element” of 3 as an average of the whole Spanish asset of building and infrastructures.

Suggested Citation

  • Carmen Andrade & Miguel Ángel Sanjuán, 2018. "Updating Carbon Storage Capacity of Spanish Cements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:12:p:4806-:d:191052
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Ning & Zhang, Duo & Zuo, Jian & Miller, Travis R. & Duan, Huabo & Schiller, Georg, 2022. "Potential for CO2 mitigation and economic benefits from accelerated carbonation of construction and demolition waste," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    2. Jairo José de Oliveira Andrade & Edna Possan & Matheus Chiaradia Wenzel & Sérgio Roberto da Silva, 2019. "Feasibility of Using Calcined Water Treatment Sludge in Rendering Mortars: A Technical and Sustainable Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Miguel Angel Sanjuán & Cristina Argiz & Pedro Mora & Aniceto Zaragoza, 2020. "Carbon Dioxide Uptake in the Roadmap 2050 of the Spanish Cement Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, July.
    4. Miguel Ángel Sanjuán & Esteban Estévez & Cristina Argiz, 2019. "Carbon Dioxide Absorption by Blast-Furnace Slag Mortars in Function of the Curing Intensity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-9, June.

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