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Consequences and Remedies of Indigenous Language Loss in Canada

Author

Listed:
  • Masud Khawaja

    (University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada)

Abstract

Many Indigenous languages in Canada are facing the threat of extinction. While some languages remain in good health, others have already been lost completely. Immediate action must be taken to prevent further language loss. Throughout Canada’s unacceptable history of expunging First Nations’ ways of life, systemic methods such as residential schools attempted to eradicate Indigenous cultures and languages. These efforts were not entirely successful but Indigenous language and culture suffered greatly. For Indigenous communities, language loss impaired intergenerational knowledge transfer and compromised their personal identity. Additionally, the cumulative effects of assimilation have contributed to poor mental and physical health outcomes amongst Indigenous people. However, language reclamation has been found to improve well-being and sense of community. To this objective, this paper explores the historical context of this dilemma, the lasting effects of assimilation, and how this damage can be remediated. Additionally, we examine existing Indigenous language programs in Canada and the barriers that inhibit the programs’ widespread success. Through careful analysis, such barriers may be overcome to improve the efficacy of the programs. Institutions must quickly implement positive changes to preserve Indigenous languages as fluent populations are rapidly disappearing.

Suggested Citation

  • Masud Khawaja, 2021. "Consequences and Remedies of Indigenous Language Loss in Canada," Societies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsoctx:v:11:y:2021:i:3:p:89-:d:606872
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Freemantle, J. & Ring, I. & Arambula Solomon, T.G. & Gachupin, F.C. & Smylie, J. & Cutler, T.L. & Waldon, J.A., 2015. "Indigenous mortality (revealed): The invisible illuminated," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(4), pages 644-652.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jenanne Ferguson & Evgeniia (Jen) Sidorova, 2023. "The Usage of Indigenous Languages as a Tool for Meaningful Engagement With Northern Indigenous Governments and Communities," SPP Research Papers, The School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, vol. 16(12), April.
    2. Viviane Josewski & Sarah de Leeuw & Margo Greenwood, 2023. "Grounding Wellness: Coloniality, Placeism, Land, and a Critique of “Social” Determinants of Indigenous Mental Health in the Canadian Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-23, February.

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