IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jscscx/v8y2019i2p50-d205500.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Examining the Local Spatial Variability of Robberies in Saint Louis Using a Multi-Scale Methodology

Author

Listed:
  • Tara A. Smith

    (Integrated and Applied Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA)

  • J. S. Onésimo Sandoval

    (Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA)

Abstract

The current study spatially examines the local variability of robbery rates in the City of Saint Louis, Missouri using both census tract and block group data disaggregated and standardized to the 250- and 500-m raster grid spatial scale. The Spatial Lag Model (SLM) indicated measures of race and stability as globally influencing robbery rates. To explore these relationships further, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to determine the local spatial variability. We found that the standardized census tract data appeared to be more powerful in the models, while standardized block group data were more precise. Similarly, the 250-m grid offered greater accuracy, while the 500-m grid was more robust. The GWR models explained the local varying spatial relationships between race and stability and robbery rates in St. Louis better than the global models. The local models indicated that social characteristics occurring at higher-order geographies may influence robbery rates in St. Louis.

Suggested Citation

  • Tara A. Smith & J. S. Onésimo Sandoval, 2019. "Examining the Local Spatial Variability of Robberies in Saint Louis Using a Multi-Scale Methodology," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:8:y:2019:i:2:p:50-:d:205500
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/8/2/50/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/8/2/50/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Songman Kang, 2016. "Inequality and crime revisited: effects of local inequality and economic segregation on crime," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 29(2), pages 593-626, April.
    2. David Wheeler & Lance Waller, 2009. "Comparing spatially varying coefficient models: a case study examining violent crime rates and their relationships to alcohol outlets and illegal drug arrests," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Chasco, Coro & García, Isabel & Vicéns, José, 2007. "Modeling spatial variations in household disposable income with Geographically Weighted Regression," MPRA Paper 1682, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Rick L. Bunch & Christine Murray & Xiaoli Gao & Eleazer D. Hunt, 2018. "Geographic Analysis of Domestic Violence Incident Locations and Neighborhood Level Influences," International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), IGI Global, vol. 9(2), pages 14-32, April.
    5. Rick L. Bunch & Christine Murray & Xiaoli Gao & Eleazer D. Hunt, 2018. "Geographic Analysis of Domestic Violence Incident Locations and Neighborhood Level Influences," International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), IGI Global, vol. 9(2), pages 1-19, April.
    6. Anselin, Luc & Getis, Arthur, 1992. "Spatial Statistical Analysis and Geographic Information Systems," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 26(1), pages 19-33, April.
    7. Drawve, Grant & Thomas, Shaun A. & Walker, Jeffery T., 2016. "Bringing the physical environment back into neighborhood research: The utility of RTM for developing an aggregate neighborhood risk of crime measure," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 21-29.
    8. Parker, K.F. & Stansfield, R., 2015. "The changing urban landscape: Interconnections between racial/ethnic segregation and exposure in the study of race-specific violence over time," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(9), pages 1796-1805.
    9. A. Stewart Fotheringham & Wenbai Yang & Wei Kang, 2017. "Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR)," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 107(6), pages 1247-1265, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hao Liu & Lin Ma, 2020. "Spatial Pattern and Effects of Urban Coordinated Development in China’s Urbanization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Peter Congdon, 2020. "Geographical Aspects of Recent Trends in Drug-Related Deaths, with a Focus on Intra-National Contextual Variation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Chunzhu Wei & Xufeng Liu & Wei Chen & Lupan Zhang & Ruixia Chao & Wei Wei, 2024. "How Do Temporal and Geographical Kernels Differ in Reflecting Regional Disparities? Insights from a Case Study in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-25, December.
    4. Amirhosein Mousavi & Yiting Yuan & Shahir Masri & Greg Barta & Jun Wu, 2021. "Impact of 4th of July Fireworks on Spatiotemporal PM 2.5 Concentrations in California Based on the PurpleAir Sensor Network: Implications for Policy and Environmental Justice," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Xinyue Ye & Sergio Rey, 2013. "A framework for exploratory space-time analysis of economic data," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 50(1), pages 315-339, February.
    6. Yanzhao Wang & Jianfei Cao, 2023. "Examining the Effects of Socioeconomic Development on Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in China’s Cities Based on Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis and MGWR Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-23, February.
    7. Tealde, Emiliano, 2020. "The Unequal Impact of Natural Light on Crime," GLO Discussion Paper Series 663, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    8. Wang, Xiaoxi & Zhang, Yaojun & Yu, Danlin & Qi, Jinghan & Li, Shujing, 2022. "Investigating the spatiotemporal pattern of urban vibrancy and its determinants: Spatial big data analyses in Beijing, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    9. Hengyu Gu & Hanchen Yu & Mehak Sachdeva & Ye Liu, 2021. "Analyzing the distribution of researchers in China: An approach using multiscale geographically weighted regression," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(1), pages 443-459, March.
    10. Shichao Lu & Zhihua Zhang & M. James C. Crabbe & Prin Suntichaikul, 2024. "Effects of Urban Land-Use Planning on Housing Prices in Chiang Mai, Thailand," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-13, July.
    11. Jin, Peizhen & Mangla, Sachin Kumar & Song, Malin, 2021. "Moving towards a sustainable and innovative city: Internal urban traffic accessibility and high-level innovation based on platform monitoring data," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    12. Chunfang Zhao & Yingliang Wu & Yunfeng Chen & Guohua Chen, 2023. "Multiscale Effects of Hedonic Attributes on Airbnb Listing Prices Based on MGWR: A Case Study of Beijing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.
    13. Roger Bivand, 2008. "Implementing Representations Of Space In Economic Geography," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(1), pages 1-27, February.
    14. Manea, Roxana Elena & Piraino, Patrizio & Viarengo, Martina, 2023. "Crime, inequality and subsidized housing: Evidence from South Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    15. Li Gao & Mingjing Huang & Wuping Zhang & Lei Qiao & Guofang Wang & Xumeng Zhang, 2021. "Comparative Study on Spatial Digital Mapping Methods of Soil Nutrients Based on Different Geospatial Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-19, March.
    16. Ye, Xinyue & Yue, Wenze, 2014. "Comparative analysis of regional development: Exploratory space-time data analysis and open source implementation," Economics Discussion Papers 2014-20, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    17. Li, Mengya & Kwan, Mei-Po & Hu, Wenyan & Li, Rui & Wang, Jun, 2023. "Examining the effects of station-level factors on metro ridership using multiscale geographically weighted regression," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    18. Parker, Karen F. & Stansfield, Richard & McCall, Patricia L., 2016. "Temporal changes in racial violence, 1980 to 2006: A latent trajectory approach," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 1-11.
    19. Jiaqi Li & Yi Tian, 2024. "Assessment of Ecological Quality and Analysis of Influencing Factors in Coal-Bearing Hilly Areas of Northern China: An Exploration of Human Mining and Natural Topography," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, July.
    20. Moore, David & Webb, Amanda L., 2022. "Evaluating energy burden at the urban scale: A spatial regression approach in Cincinnati, Ohio," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:8:y:2019:i:2:p:50-:d:205500. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.