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High Rates of Suicide and Violence in the Lives of Girls and Young Women in Bangladesh: Issues for Feminist Intervention

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  • Christopher Adam Bagley

    (Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L32ET, UK)

  • Afroze Shahnaz

    (Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L32ET, UK)

  • Padam Simkhada

    (Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L32ET, UK)

Abstract

Deaths by suicide in Bangladesh have an atypical sex ratio, with higher rates in females than in males—a characteristic shared with several countries in Southern Asia. Reasons for this are explored in this paper. An examination of the social structure of Bangladesh suggests that girls and women are subjected to higher rates of sexual and physical violence compared with males, especially in rural and urban slum areas. This violence is often linked to the enforced marriage of young girls to older men. A systematic review of 24 studies on suicide and suicidal behaviors in Bangladesh has shown that suicide death rates are exceptionally high in younger women, at a rate of about 20 per 100,000, more than twice the rate in males aged less than 49. In girls aged 15 to 17, the estimated suicide rate is 14 per 100,000, 50% higher than in males. Because of problems in obtaining systematic data on deaths by suicide, these rates are likely to be underestimates. Extreme poverty and lack of education have been recorded as factors in deaths by suicide, although there are methodological problems in reaching such conclusions. We speculate that some of the “suicides” (especially those using poison) may in fact be cases of murder. A dowry system (not sanctioned by Islam) is thought to be a major cause of family poverty, and violence experienced by young girls. In proposing solutions, we argue the case (as Muslims) for the support of an Islamic feminism which urges better support for girls growing up in extreme poverty.

Suggested Citation

  • Christopher Adam Bagley & Afroze Shahnaz & Padam Simkhada, 2017. "High Rates of Suicide and Violence in the Lives of Girls and Young Women in Bangladesh: Issues for Feminist Intervention," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-17, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:6:y:2017:i:4:p:140-:d:118801
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nilufar Matin & Mohammad Shahidul Islam & Musingo T. E. Mbuvi & Bernard Owuor Odit & Paul Othim Ongugo & Mohammad Abu Syed, 2014. "Group Inequality and Environmental Sustainability: Insights from Bangladesh and Kenyan Forest Commons," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-27, March.
    2. Fauveau, V. & Blanchet, T., 1989. "Deaths from injuries and induced abortion among rural Bangladeshi women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 29(9), pages 1121-1127, January.
    3. Ahmed, M.K.M. Kapil & van Ginneken, Jeroen & Razzaque, Abdur & Alam, Nurul, 2004. "Violent deaths among women of reproductive age in rural Bangladesh," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 59(2), pages 311-319, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Humayun Kabir & Myfanwy Maple & Md Shahidul Islam & Kim Usher, 2021. "Prevalence of Suicide Thoughts and Behaviours among Female Garment Workers Who Survived the Rana Plaza Collapse: An In-Depth Inquiry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Zia Ullah & Nighat Akbar Shah & Sonia Shamroz Khan & Naveed Ahmad & Miklas Scholz, 2021. "Mapping Institutional Interventions to Mitigate Suicides: A Study of Causes and Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-16, October.

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