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Community-Based Interventions for the Prevention and Control of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Kay Polidano

    (Department of Sociology, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta)

  • Brianne Wenning

    (Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT2 7FS, UK)

  • Alejandra Ruiz-Cadavid

    (Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia)

  • Baheya Dawaishan

    (School of Medicine, RCSI Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain)

  • Jay Panchal

    (School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK)

  • Sonali Gunasekara

    (Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura 50008, Sri Lanka)

  • Haftom Abebe

    (College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle 1871, Ethiopia)

  • Marciglei Morais

    (Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil)

  • Helen Price

    (School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK)

  • Lisa Dikomitis

    (Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT2 7FS, UK)

Abstract

We reviewed the evidence on community-based interventions for the prevention and control of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Community initiatives tailored towards awareness and mobilisation are regarded as a priority area in the Neglected Tropical Disease Roadmap 2021–2030 by the World Health Organization. We searched nine electronic databases for intervention-based studies. Two independent reviewers screened and assessed the articles for methodological quality using predefined criteria. We conducted a meta-analysis using a random effects model, along with narrative synthesis. Thirteen articles were eligible for inclusion, of which 12 were quantitative studies (quasi-experimental with control group and pre-post interventions) and one qualitative study. All articles reported on health education interventions aimed at changing people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in relation to CL. Participant groups included students, mothers, housewives, volunteer health workers, and residents in general. An increased score was recorded for all outcomes across all interventions: knowledge (SMD: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.47), attitudes (SMD: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.56, 2.15), and practices (SMD: 1.73, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.47). Whilst our findings show that educational interventions improved people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices about CL, we argue that this approach is not sufficient for the prevention and control of this disease. Knowledge does not always translate into action, particularly where other structural barriers exist. Therefore, we recommend the design of more innovative community-based interventions with a broader focus (e.g., stigma, financial barriers, and healthcare access).

Suggested Citation

  • Kay Polidano & Brianne Wenning & Alejandra Ruiz-Cadavid & Baheya Dawaishan & Jay Panchal & Sonali Gunasekara & Haftom Abebe & Marciglei Morais & Helen Price & Lisa Dikomitis, 2022. "Community-Based Interventions for the Prevention and Control of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:11:y:2022:i:10:p:490-:d:948797
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rebecca Du & Peter J Hotez & Waleed S Al-Salem & Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, 2016. "Old World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Refugee Crises in the Middle East and North Africa," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(5), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Ramdas, Sahienshadebie, 2012. "Cruel disease, cruel medicine: Self-treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with harmful chemical substances in Suriname," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(6), pages 1097-1105.
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