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Association between Psychological Integration and Permanent Supportive Housing: An Exploratory Study with a Focus on Ethnicity

Author

Listed:
  • Annette S. Crisanti

    (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Shelley Alonso-Marsden

    (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Leah Puglisi

    (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Richard Neil Greene

    (Department of Sociology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Tyler Kincaid

    (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Jenna L. Dole

    (Department of Sociology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

  • Neal Bowen

    (Behavioral Health Services Division, New Mexico Human Services Department, Santa Fe, NM 87504, USA)

Abstract

There is limited research on the association between Permanent Supportive Housing (PSH) and psychological integration. The purpose of this study was to explore this association among individuals with mental illness and/or substance use disorder (SUD) enrolled in PSH and to identify variables associated with sense of belonging. Given differences in outcomes of PSH by ethnicity, we were interested to determine if an association existed between PSH and psychological integration and whether it was equally observed among Hispanics and non-Hispanics. The target population included individuals who were chronically homeless and diagnosed with a mental illness and/or SUD. Baseline data were collected upon intake ( N = 370). Follow-up data were collected at six-months post baseline ( N = 286) and discharge ( N = 143). Predictor and control variables included demographics, overall health, PTSD symptom severity, interactions with family and friends, and participation in recovery-related groups in the community. Psychological integration scores increased significantly from the baseline to the 6-month follow-up ( t = −3.41, p = 0.003) and between the 6-month follow-up and discharge ( t = −2.97, p = 0.007). Significant predictors of psychological integration included overall health, interactions with family and/or friends, PTSD symptoms, income, education, and diagnosis. No differences were observed between Hispanics and non-Hispanics. The findings from this exploratory study suggest that future research in this area is warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Annette S. Crisanti & Shelley Alonso-Marsden & Leah Puglisi & Richard Neil Greene & Tyler Kincaid & Jenna L. Dole & Neal Bowen, 2021. "Association between Psychological Integration and Permanent Supportive Housing: An Exploratory Study with a Focus on Ethnicity," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:10:y:2021:i:12:p:468-:d:696534
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Julia R. Woodhall-Melnik & James R. Dunn, 2016. "A systematic review of outcomes associated with participation in Housing First programs," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(3), pages 287-304, April.
    2. Ruta Clair & Maya Gordon & Matthew Kroon & Carolyn Reilly, 2021. "The effects of social isolation on well-being and life satisfaction during pandemic," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-6, December.
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