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Current Insights into Growing Microalgae for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Biomass Generation

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  • Ilyes Dammak

    (Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases (LR03ES09), National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
    Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia)

  • Mariem Fersi

    (Laboratory of Enzymatic Engineering and Microbiology (LR03ES08), National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia)

  • Ridha Hachicha

    (Laboratory of Enzymatic Engineering and Microbiology (LR03ES08), National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia)

  • Slim Abdelkafi

    (Laboratory of Enzymatic Engineering and Microbiology (LR03ES08), National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia)

Abstract

Municipal wastewater (MWW) provides a promising platform for microalgae cultivation due to its rich content of essential nutrients. Recent research has showcased the multifaceted benefits of microalgae-based wastewater treatment, from the potent depollution capabilities of these organisms to their biomass potential for ecofriendly applications. A significant advantage lies in the ability of these systems to promote environmental sustainability without producing secondary pollutants, aligning with the circular economy model. This approach encompasses various stages, from cultivating microalgae to biomass separation and subsequent valorization. However, challenges arise when scaling these systems to industrial levels. A predominant barrier is the difficulty in maintaining consistent control over all the factors influencing wastewater phytoremediation. This can compromise both biomass survival and the efficiency of pollution removal and valorization. Notably, using native microalgal consortiums from the effluent appears to be a promising strategy. These autochthonous communities often demonstrate superior adaptability and treatment capacity, emphasizing the importance of further exploring their potential to provide effective and economically viable solutions for wastewater treatment.

Suggested Citation

  • Ilyes Dammak & Mariem Fersi & Ridha Hachicha & Slim Abdelkafi, 2023. "Current Insights into Growing Microalgae for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Biomass Generation," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-28, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jresou:v:12:y:2023:i:10:p:119-:d:1254472
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yellezuome, Dominic & Zhu, Xianpu & Wang, Zengzhen & Liu, Ronghou, 2022. "Mitigation of ammonia inhibition in anaerobic digestion of nitrogen-rich substrates for biogas production by ammonia stripping: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    2. Sathinathan, P. & Parab, H.M. & Yusoff, R. & Ibrahim, S. & Vello, V. & Ngoh, G.C., 2023. "Photobioreactor design and parameters essential for algal cultivation using industrial wastewater: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
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    1. Casper Boongaling Agaton & Patricia Marie Caparas Guila, 2024. "Success Factors and Challenges: Implications of Real Options Valuation of Constructed Wetlands as Nature-Based Solutions for Wastewater Treatment," Resources, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, January.

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