Application of the Oriented Fuzzy Numbers in Credit Risk Assessment

Over the years, banks have faced many difficulties, related mainly to lax credit standards for borrowers and counterparties. The goal of credit risk management is to maintain the volume of credit risk at acceptable level as it is a vital feature in risk management. Credit analysts take into consideration factors of a wider spectrum, e.g., the prospects of the line of business, the experience of board members, credibility of suppliers, etc. Those factors are often considered on the linguistic scale, which includes such imprecise and inaccurate phrases, for instance, such as: more/less experienced, better/worse prospects, etc., which, for the experts and decision makers, are justified and result from their personal experience, preferences and human nature. The paper presents the approach of supporting methods in the credit risk decision-making process. It presents evaluation scales of imprecise phrases commonly used during the process of credit risk assessment based on experts’ preferences. Due to the imprecision, the oriented fuzzy numbers are a useful tool. For such described evaluation scales, we use a scoring function determined with the use of an adapted Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method.