IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v8y2020i10p1667-d420824.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Is There a Connection between Sovereign CDS Spreads and the Stock Market? Evidence for European and US Returns and Volatilities

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Ballester

    (Department of Financial Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Valencia, Avda. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

  • Ana González-Urteaga

    (Department of Business and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Business Sciences, Public University of Navarre and Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics (INARBE), Arrosadia Campus, 31006 Pamplona, Spain)

Abstract

This study complements the current literature, providing a thorough investigation of the lead–lag connection between stock indices and sovereign credit default swap (CDS) returns for 14 European countries and the US over the period 2004–2016. We use a rolling VAR framework that enables us to analyse the connection process over time covering both crisis and non-crisis periods. In addition, we analyse the relationship between stock market volatility and CDS returns. We find that the connection between the credit and equity markets does exist and that it is time variable and seems to be related to financial crises. We also observe that stock market returns anticipate sovereign CDS returns, and sovereign CDSs anticipate the conditional volatility of equity returns, closing a connectedness circle between markets. Contribution percentages in terms of returns are more intense in the US than in Europe and the opposite result is found with respect to volatilities. Within Europe, a greater impact in Eurozone countries compared to non-Eurozone countries is observed. Finally, an additional analysis is also carried out for the financial sector, obtaining results largely consistent with those found using sovereign data.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Ballester & Ana González-Urteaga, 2020. "Is There a Connection between Sovereign CDS Spreads and the Stock Market? Evidence for European and US Returns and Volatilities," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-34, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:10:p:1667-:d:420824
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/10/1667/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/10/1667/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Forte, Santiago, 2006. "Credit spreads: theory and evidence about the information content of stocks, bonds and cdss," DEE - Working Papers. Business Economics. WB wb063310, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa.
    2. Narayan, Paresh Kumar, 2015. "An analysis of sectoral equity and CDS spreads," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 80-93.
    3. Narayan, Paresh Kumar & Sharma, Susan Sunila & Thuraisamy, Kannan Sivananthan, 2014. "An analysis of price discovery from panel data models of CDS and equity returns," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 167-177.
    4. Santiago Forte & Lidija Lovreta, 2015. "Time†Varying Credit Risk Discovery in the Stock and CDS Markets: Evidence from Quiet and Crisis Times," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 21(3), pages 430-461, June.
    5. Kwan, Simon H., 1996. "Firm-specific information and the correlation between individual stocks and bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 63-80, January.
    6. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Nor, Safwan Mohd & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2017. "Directional and bidirectional causality between U.S. industry credit and stock markets and their determinants," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 46-61.
    7. Bekaert, Geert & Wu, Guojun, 2000. "Asymmetric Volatility and Risk in Equity Markets," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 13(1), pages 1-42.
    8. Acharya, Viral V. & Johnson, Timothy C., 2007. "Insider trading in credit derivatives," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(1), pages 110-141, April.
    9. John Y. Campbell & Glen B. Taksler, 2003. "Equity Volatility and Corporate Bond Yields," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(6), pages 2321-2350, December.
    10. Schiereck, D. & Trutwein, P., 2011. "The Fast and the Furious – Stock Returns and CDS of Financial Institutions under Stress," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 56481, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    11. Glosten, Lawrence R & Jagannathan, Ravi & Runkle, David E, 1993. "On the Relation between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(5), pages 1779-1801, December.
    12. Engle, Robert F & Ng, Victor K, 1993. "Measuring and Testing the Impact of News on Volatility," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(5), pages 1749-1778, December.
    13. Bollerslev, Tim, 1986. "Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 307-327, April.
    14. Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2012. "Better to give than to receive: Predictive directional measurement of volatility spillovers," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 57-66.
    15. Ian W. Marsh & Wolf Wagner, 2016. "News-Specific Price Discovery in Credit Default Swap Markets," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 45(2), pages 315-340, May.
    16. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Balcilar, Mehmet & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2018. "Distribution specific dependence and causality between industry-level U.S. credit and stock markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 114-133.
    17. Lars Norden & Martin Weber, 2009. "The Co†movement of Credit Default Swap, Bond and Stock Markets: an Empirical Analysis," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 15(3), pages 529-562, June.
    18. Calice, Giovanni & Ioannidis, Christos, 2012. "An empirical analysis of the impact of the credit default swap index market on large complex financial institutions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 117-130.
    19. Forte, Santiago & Peña, Juan Ignacio, 2009. "Credit spreads: An empirical analysis on the informational content of stocks, bonds, and CDS," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(11), pages 2013-2025, November.
    20. Byström, Hans N. E., 2005. "Credit Default Swaps and Equity Prices: The Itraxx CDS Index Market," Working Papers 2005:24, Lund University, Department of Economics, revised 15 May 2005.
    21. Ballester, Laura & Casu, Barbara & González-Urteaga, Ana, 2016. "Bank fragility and contagion: Evidence from the bank CDS market," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(PA), pages 394-416.
    22. Christos Kollias & Nikolaos Mylonidis & Suzanna-Maria Paleologou, 2012. "The nexus between exchange rates and stock markets: evidence from the euro-dollar rate and composite European stock indices using rolling analysis," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 36(1), pages 136-147, January.
    23. Roberto Blanco & Simon Brennan & Ian W. Marsh, 2005. "An Empirical Analysis of the Dynamic Relation between Investment‐Grade Bonds and Credit Default Swaps," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(5), pages 2255-2281, October.
    24. Granger, C W J, 1969. "Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 37(3), pages 424-438, July.
    25. Trutwein, Patrick & Schiereck, Dirk, 2011. "The fast and the furious--Stock returns and CDS of financial institutions under stress," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 157-175, April.
    26. Hilscher, Jens & Pollet, Joshua M. & Wilson, Mungo, 2015. "Are Credit Default Swaps a Sideshow? Evidence That Information Flows from Equity to CDS Markets," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 50(3), pages 543-567, June.
    27. Ehlers, Stefan & Gürtler, Marc & Olboeter, Sven, 2010. "Financial crises and information transfer: An empirical analysis of the lead-lag relationship between equity and CDS iTraxx Indices," Working Papers IF34V1, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Finance.
    28. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Aloui, Chaker & Jammazi, Rania, 2020. "On the interplay between US sectoral CDS, stock and VIX indices: Fresh insights from wavelet approaches," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).
    29. Haibin Zhu, 2006. "An Empirical Comparison of Credit Spreads between the Bond Market and the Credit Default Swap Market," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 29(3), pages 211-235, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Laura Ballester & Ana Mónica Escrivá & Ana González-Urteaga, 2021. "The Nexus between Sovereign CDS and Stock Market Volatility: New Evidence," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Griffin, Paul A. & Lont, David H., 2018. "Game changer? The impact of the VW emission-cheating scandal on the interrelation between large automakers’ equity and credit markets," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 179-196.
    3. Veronika Kajurova & Jana Hvozdenska, 2016. "Linkages between CDS, bond and stock markets: Evidence from Europe," MENDELU Working Papers in Business and Economics 2016-63, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    4. Tolikas, Konstantinos & Topaloglou, Nikolas, 2017. "Is default risk priced equally fast in the credit default swap and the stock markets? AN empirical investigation," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 39-57.
    5. Theodoros Bratis & Nikiforos T. Laopodis & Georgios P. Kouretas, 2023. "CDS and equity markets’ volatility linkages: lessons from the EMU crisis," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 60(3), pages 1259-1281, April.
    6. Narayan, Paresh Kumar, 2015. "An analysis of sectoral equity and CDS spreads," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 80-93.
    7. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Balcilar, Mehmet & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2018. "Distribution specific dependence and causality between industry-level U.S. credit and stock markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 114-133.
    8. Wang, Ruolin & Basu, Anup & Clements, Adam, 2023. "Are credit default swaps still a sideshow? How information flow between equity and CDS markets has changed since the financial crisis," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    9. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Nor, Safwan Mohd & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2017. "Directional and bidirectional causality between U.S. industry credit and stock markets and their determinants," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 46-61.
    10. Gatfaoui, Hayette, 2017. "Equity market information and credit risk signaling: A quantile cointegrating regression approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 48-59.
    11. Ansgar Belke & Christian Gokus, 2011. "Volatility Patterns of CDS, Bond and Stock Markets Before and During the Financial Crisis – Evidence from Major Financial Institutions," Ruhr Economic Papers 0243, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    12. Jitmaneeroj, Boonlert, 2018. "Is Thailand’s credit default swap market linked to bond and stock markets? Evidence from the term structure of credit spreads," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 324-341.
    13. Zimmermann, Paul, 2021. "The role of the leverage effect in the price discovery process of credit markets," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    14. repec:zbw:rwirep:0243 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Chau, Frankie & Han, Chulwoo & Shi, Shimeng, 2018. "Dynamics and determinants of credit risk discovery: Evidence from CDS and stock markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 156-169.
    16. Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad & Safwan Mohd Nor & Nur Azura Sanusi & Ronald Ravinesh Kumar, 2018. "The Determinants of Credit Risk: Analysis of US Industry-level Indices," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 19(5), pages 1152-1165, October.
    17. Ibhagui, Oyakhilome, 2020. "Sovereign Risk, Cross-Currency Basis and Equity Markets: A Cross-Market Dynamic Interaction," MPRA Paper 100946, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Ibhagui, Oyakhilome, 2021. "How do sovereign risk, equity and foreign exchange derivatives markets interact?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 58-78.
    19. Rahmi Erdem Aktug, 2015. "Empirical dynamics of emerging financial markets during the global mortgage crisis," Borsa Istanbul Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 15(1), pages 17-36, March.
    20. Annaert, Jan & De Ceuster, Marc & Van Roy, Patrick & Vespro, Cristina, 2013. "What determines Euro area bank CDS spreads?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 444-461.
    21. Lamia Bekkour & Thorsten Lehnert & Maria Chiara Amadori, 2011. "The Relative Informational Efficiency of Stocks, Options and Credit Default Swaps," LSF Research Working Paper Series 11-13, Luxembourg School of Finance, University of Luxembourg.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:10:p:1667-:d:420824. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.