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Heat Transfer Enhancement of MHD Natural Convection in a Star-Shaped Enclosure, Using Heated Baffle and MWCNT–Water Nanofluid

Author

Listed:
  • Sardar Bilal

    (Department of Mathematics, AIR University, Sector E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Imtiaz Ali Shah

    (Department of Mathematics, AIR University, Sector E-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Kaouther Ghachem

    (Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdelkarim Aydi

    (French School Victor Hugo, Gontardstraße 11, 60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany)

  • Lioua Kolsi

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il City 81451, Saudi Arabia
    Laboratory of Metrology and Energy Systems, National Engineering School, Energy Engineering Department, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia)

Abstract

Fluids have played and still play a vital role in attaining an optimized output from industrial processes. However, due to technological advancement, fluids with high hydrothermal characteristics are required. In order to overcome these challenges, researchers have developed fluids with dispersed nanoparticles, which are recognized as nanofluids. Various types of nanoparticles can be added to base fluids to produce thermally enhanced liquids. Among these, the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is considered the best due to the considerable enhancement of thermophysical properties and the stability of the solution. Thus, in the present investigation, an analysis of the heat transfer characteristics of an MWCNT–water nanofluid included in a star-shaped cavity equipped with a hot rectangular baffle is conducted. In addition, a uniform magnetic field is applied along the x-direction to oppose the convective flow generated by variations in density. Mathematical formulations under assumed boundary conditions and physical assumptions are established in the form of dimensionless PDEs. The finite-element-method-based software “COMSOL” is used to execute the numerical simulations. PARADISO is employed to resolve the developed non-linear system of equations. The effects of the governing parameters on the velocity and temperature fields are presented through streamlines and isotherms. The Nusselt number is evaluated to depict the impact of the addition of nanoparticles (MWCNTs) on the heat transfer enhancement. Changes in the horizontal and vertical components of velocity are also evaluated against the Rayleigh number and nanoparticle volume fraction via cutline representation.

Suggested Citation

  • Sardar Bilal & Imtiaz Ali Shah & Kaouther Ghachem & Abdelkarim Aydi & Lioua Kolsi, 2023. "Heat Transfer Enhancement of MHD Natural Convection in a Star-Shaped Enclosure, Using Heated Baffle and MWCNT–Water Nanofluid," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:8:p:1849-:d:1122665
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Garoosi, Faroogh & Hoseininejad, Faraz & Rashidi, Mohammad Mehdi, 2016. "Numerical study of natural convection heat transfer in a heat exchanger filled with nanofluids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 664-678.
    2. Mohamed Sannad & Ahmed Kadhim Hussein & Awatef Abidi & Raad Z. Homod & Uddhaba Biswal & Bagh Ali & Lioua Kolsi & Obai Younis, 2022. "Numerical Study of MHD Natural Convection inside a Cubical Cavity Loaded with Copper-Water Nanofluid by Using a Non-Homogeneous Dynamic Mathematical Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-28, June.
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