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From Tactical Urbanism Action to Institutionalised Urban Planning and Educational Tool: The Evolution of Park(ing) Day

Author

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  • Krzysztof Herman

    (Department of Landscape Art, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Maria Rodgers

    (Te Kura Waihanga—Wellington School of Architecture, Te Herenga Waka—Victoria University of Wellington, 139 Vivian Street, Te Aro, Wellington 6011, New Zealand)

Abstract

A singular and modest activist action, a temporary park created in San Francisco, grew into the global urban Park(ing) Day (PD) phenomenon. This tactical urbanism event not only expanded to be annually celebrated in thousands of parking lots all over the world but became an inspiration for urban planning and policy changes. The permanent rendition of Park(ing) Day, parklets, resulted from the movement but did not stop the spread of PD itself. This article presents case studies from New Zealand and Poland, two geographically and culturally distant locations where PD has further developed and evolved gaining local qualities. Through research methods such as research in design, secondary data analysis and expert interviews we study the trajectory of PD evolution and the role and interpretation of it in different parts of the globe. The results show a narrative of successive popularisation and institutionalisation as well as diversification. Departing from its grassroots, guerilla and assertive traits, PD has grown to become an artistic, creative and urban planning tool. As an established, recognised action and an ‘attractive’ idea, PD has great potential for designer education, allowing a venue for implementing methods such as design-build and live project.

Suggested Citation

  • Krzysztof Herman & Maria Rodgers, 2020. "From Tactical Urbanism Action to Institutionalised Urban Planning and Educational Tool: The Evolution of Park(ing) Day," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:9:y:2020:i:7:p:217-:d:380203
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krzysztof Herman & Madalina Sbarcea & Thomas Panagopoulos, 2018. "Creating Green Space Sustainability through Low-Budget and Upcycling Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Susan Blickstein & Susan Hanson, 2001. "Critical mass: forging a politics of sustainable mobility in the information age," Transportation, Springer, vol. 28(4), pages 347-362, November.
    3. Editors The, 2006. "List of Contributors," Basic Income Studies, De Gruyter, vol. 1(2), pages 1-2, December.
    4. Donovan Finn, 2014. "DIY urbanism: implications for cities," Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(4), pages 381-398, December.
    5. Kirralie Houghton & Marcus Foth & Evonne Miller, 2015. "Urban Acupuncture: Hybrid Social and Technological Practices for Hyperlocal Placemaking," Journal of Urban Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(3), pages 3-19, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Krzysztof Herman & Łukasz Drozda, 2021. "Green Infrastructure in the Time of Social Distancing: Urban Policy and the Tactical Pandemic Urbanism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-21, February.
    2. Robin A. Chang, 2021. "How Do Scholars Communicate the ‘Temporary Turn’ in Urban Studies? A Socio-Semiotic Framework," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 6(1), pages 133-145.
    3. Barbara Caselli & Giulia Pedilarco & Gloria Pellicelli & Silvia Rossetti & Michele Zazzi, 2024. "Enhancing Public Space Accessibility and Inclusivity in Residential Neighbourhoods: A Methodological Framework and Pilot Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-27, February.
    4. Jaecheol Kim & Hyun-Young Jin, 2023. "Interpreting Tactical Urbanism through Innovation–Diffusion Theory: Insights from a Collaborative Design Studio Experience," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, December.

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