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Monitoring of Urban Landscape Ecology Dynamics of Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), Pakistan, Over Four Decades (1976–2016)

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Listed:
  • Hammad Gilani

    (Geospatial Research & Education Lab (GREL), Department of Space Science, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Sohail Ahmad

    (Geospatial Research & Education Lab (GREL), Department of Space Science, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Waqas Ahmed Qazi

    (Geospatial Research & Education Lab (GREL), Department of Space Science, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Syed Muhammad Abubakar

    (Freelance Journalist, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Murtaza Khalid

    (Geospatial Research & Education Lab (GREL), Department of Space Science, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

Abstract

In the late 1960s, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan’s capital shifted from Karachi to Islamabad, officially named Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT). In this aspect, the ICT is a young city, but undergoing rapid expansion and urbanization, especially in the last two decades. This study reports the measurement and characterization of ICT land cover change dynamics using Landsat satellite imagery for the years 1976, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2016. Annual rate of change, landscape metrics, and urban forest fragmentation spatiotemporal analyses have been carried out, along with the calculation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 11.3.1 Land Consumption Rate to the Population Growth Rate (LCRPGR). The results show consistent increase in the settlement class, with highest annual rate of 8.79% during 2000–2010. Tree cover >40% and <40% canopy decreased at an annual rate of 0.81% and 0.77% between 1976 to 2016, respectively. Forest fragmentation analysis reveals that ‘core forests of >500 acres’ class decreased from 392 km 2 (65.41%) to 241 km 2 (55%), and ‘patch forest’ class increased from 15 km 2 (2.46%) to 20 km 2 (4.54%), from 1976 to 2016. The LCRPGR ratio was 0.62 from 1976 to 2000, increasing to 1.36 from 2000 to 2016.

Suggested Citation

  • Hammad Gilani & Sohail Ahmad & Waqas Ahmed Qazi & Syed Muhammad Abubakar & Murtaza Khalid, 2020. "Monitoring of Urban Landscape Ecology Dynamics of Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), Pakistan, Over Four Decades (1976–2016)," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:9:y:2020:i:4:p:123-:d:348079
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Syed Atif Bokhari & Zafeer Saqib & Sarah Amir & Salman Naseer & Muhammad Shafiq & Amjad Ali & Muhammad Zaman-ul-Haq & Azeem Irshad & Habib Hamam, 2022. "Assessing Land Cover Transformation for Urban Environmental Sustainability through Satellite Sensing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Alessio Russo & Giuseppe T. Cirella, 2021. "Urban Ecosystem Services: New Findings for Landscape Architects, Urban Planners, and Policymakers," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-5, January.
    4. Yunchen Wang & Boyan Li & Lei Xu, 2022. "Monitoring Land-Use Efficiency in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2018," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-13, July.
    5. Muhammad Sadiq Khan & Sami Ullah & Tao Sun & Arif UR Rehman & Liding Chen, 2020. "Land-Use/Land-Cover Changes and Its Contribution to Urban Heat Island: A Case Study of Islamabad, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Abbas, Hafiz Waqar & Guo, Xuesong & Anwar, Bilal & Naqvi, Syed Asif Ali & Shah, Syed Ale Raza, 2022. "The land degradation neutrality management enablers, challenges, and benefits for mobilizing private investments in Pakistan," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).

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