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Analysis of the Changes and Causes of Runoff and Sediment Load in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River from 1950 to 2022

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  • Huanyong Liu

    (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, A-1, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100038, China)

  • Yin Chen

    (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China)

  • Pengfei Du

    (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China)

  • Yangui Wang

    (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China)

  • Ying Zhao

    (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China)

  • Liqin Qu

    (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China
    International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation, No. 20 Chegongzhuang West Road, Beijing 100048, China)

Abstract

Frequent soil erosion disasters in the middle reaches of the Yellow River (MRYR) have a profound effect on the sediment load of the river. This paper addresses the intertwined effects of human activities and climate change on river runoff and sediment load. Therefore, runoff and sediment loads from hydrological stations along the main and tributary rivers within the MRYR were used. The Mann–Kendall (M–K) trend test and the double mass curve analysis, among other analytical tools, were used to examine the erosion patterns of these rivers from 1950 to 2022, as well as the main factors driving these changes. The results showed that the runoff depth of the Yan River tended to decrease, and there was a significant decrease in the mainstream and nine other tributaries, with a significant decrease in the sediment transport modulus for both the mainstream and tributaries. In the main river, human activities contributed between 69.99% and 94.69% to the runoff and between 88.52% and 98.49% to the sediment load, while in the tributaries, the contribution of human activities was greater. The annual runoff and annual sediment load in the MRYR showed a decreasing trend, with a discernible impact of human activities. The results of this research are of great significance for erosion control and the restoration of the ecological balance in the Yellow River Basin.

Suggested Citation

  • Huanyong Liu & Yin Chen & Pengfei Du & Yangui Wang & Ying Zhao & Liqin Qu, 2024. "Analysis of the Changes and Causes of Runoff and Sediment Load in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River from 1950 to 2022," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:9:p:1482-:d:1477291
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Luguang Jiang & Ye Liu, 2023. "Response of Runoff-Sediment System to Vegetation Variation in the Yellow River Basin in the Last 20 Years," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-17, February.
    2. Hui Zhang & Jinting Guo & Xiaotian Li & Yajie Liu & Tiejuan Wang, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Variation in and Responses of the NDVI to Climate in Western Ordos and Eastern Alxa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Jianzhu Li & Senming Tan & Fulong Chen & Ping Feng, 2014. "Quantitatively analyze the impact of land use/land cover change on annual runoff decrease," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(2), pages 1191-1207, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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