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Evolution and Mechanism Analysis of Terrestrial Ecosystems in China with Respect to Gross Primary Productivity

Author

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  • Hanshi Sun

    (State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Yongming Cheng

    (State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Qiang An

    (State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Liu Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

The gross primary productivity (GPP) of vegetation stores atmospheric carbon dioxide as organic compounds through photosynthesis. Its spatial heterogeneity is primarily influenced by the carbon uptake period (CUP) and maximum photosynthetic productivity (GPP max ). Grassland, cropland, and forest are crucial components of China’s terrestrial ecosystems and are strongly influenced by the seasonal climate. However, it remains unclear whether the evolutionary characteristics of GPP are attributable to physiology or phenology. In this study, terrestrial ecosystem models and remote sensing observations of multi-source GPP data were utilized to quantitatively analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics from 1982 to 2018. We found that GPP exhibited a significant upward trend in most areas of China’s terrestrial ecosystems over the past four decades. Over 60% of Chinese grassland and over 50% of its cropland and forest exhibited a positive growth trend. The average annual GPP growth rates were 0.23 to 3.16 g C m −2 year −1 for grassland, 0.40 to 7.32 g C m −2 year −1 for cropland, and 0.67 to 7.81 g C m −2 year −1 for forest. GPP max also indicated that the overall growth rate was above 1 g C m −2 year −1 in most regions of China. The spatial trend pattern of GPP max closely mirrored that of GPP, although local vegetation dynamics remain uncertain. The partial correlation analysis results indicated that GPP max controlled the interannual GPP changes in most of the terrestrial ecosystems in China. This is particularly evident in grassland, where more than 99% of the interannual variation in GPP is controlled by GPP max . In the context of rapid global change, our study provides an accurate assessment of the long-term dynamics of GPP and the factors that regulate interannual variability across China’s terrestrial ecosystems. This is helpful for estimating and predicting the carbon budget of China’s terrestrial ecosystems.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanshi Sun & Yongming Cheng & Qiang An & Liu Liu, 2024. "Evolution and Mechanism Analysis of Terrestrial Ecosystems in China with Respect to Gross Primary Productivity," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:9:p:1346-:d:1463283
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Gampe & Jakob Zscheischler & Markus Reichstein & Michael O’Sullivan & William K. Smith & Stephen Sitch & Wolfgang Buermann, 2021. "Increasing impact of warm droughts on northern ecosystem productivity over recent decades," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 11(9), pages 772-779, September.
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