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Revetment Affects Nitrogen Removal and N 2 O Emission at the Urban River–Riparian Interface

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  • Zihao Man

    (School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Changkun Xie

    (School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Ruiyuan Jiang

    (School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Jin Wang

    (School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Yifeng Qin

    (School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Shengquan Che

    (School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

Abstract

River–riparian interface (RRI) plays a crucial role in nitrogen removal and N 2 O emissions, but different revetment constructions can significantly alter the associated outcomes. Identifying which type of revetment can reduce N 2 O emissions while still removing nitrogen is a key issue in urban development. This study constructed three types of revetments along the same river section, and measured soil, vegetation, microbial, denitrification, and N 2 O emission characteristics to explore the synergistic effects of revetment types on nitrogen removal and N 2 O emissions. The study showed that revetments affected nitrogen removal and N 2 O emissions in RRI by influencing denitrification. nirK mainly affected nitrogen removal, while nosZII mainly influenced N 2 O emissions. Environmental factors in the permeable revetment led to significantly higher gene abundances of nirK and nosZII compared to those in the natural and impermeable revetments. As a result, the denitrification potential of the permeable revetment (34.32 ± 1.17 mg/(kg·d)) was 22.43% and 8.84% higher than those of the natural and impermeable revetments, respectively. The N 2 O emission rate (0.35 ± 0.01 mg/(m 2 ·h)) was 29.22% and 22.19% lower than those of the natural and impermeable revetments, respectively. Permeable revetment could have been the best for the nitrogen removal and N 2 O emission reduction. These results provide a theoretical basis and guidance for urban ecological construction.

Suggested Citation

  • Zihao Man & Changkun Xie & Ruiyuan Jiang & Jin Wang & Yifeng Qin & Shengquan Che, 2024. "Revetment Affects Nitrogen Removal and N 2 O Emission at the Urban River–Riparian Interface," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:8:p:1310-:d:1459109
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Willm Martens-Habbena & Paul M. Berube & Hidetoshi Urakawa & José R. de la Torre & David A. Stahl, 2009. "Ammonia oxidation kinetics determine niche separation of nitrifying Archaea and Bacteria," Nature, Nature, vol. 461(7266), pages 976-979, October.
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