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Spatial-Temporal Assessment of Dust Events and Trend Analysis of Sand Drift Potential in Northeastern Iran, Gonabad

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  • Mohammad Reza Rahdari

    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh 9516168595, Iran)

  • Rasoul Kharazmi

    (Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 3177993545, Iran)

  • Jesús Rodrigo-Comino

    (Departamento de Análisis Geográfico Regional y Geografía Física, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo

    (Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
    Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA), Universidade de Vigo—Campus Auga, 32004 Ourense, Spain)

Abstract

In recent years, northeastern Iran, particularly Khorasan Razavi province, has experienced wind erosion and dust storms, although large-scale studies are limited. To assess wind patterns, sand drift, and dust events, hourly wind data were analyzed using Fryberger’s method, along with trend analysis through the Mann–Kendall and Sen’s slope tests. Additionally, MODIS satellite data and Google Earth Engine helped identify event frequency and spatial patterns. The results show that east (12%) and southeast winds (9.6%) are the most frequent, with an average annual wind speed of 4.39 knots. Sand drift potential (DP = 96, RDP = 21.6) indicates sand movement from southeast to northwest, with a multi-directional wind system (unidirectional index of 0.22). The results of the AOD index show that the amount of dust in the north and northwest part is more than other locations, and more than 500 events with dust has been registered over the last two decades. These findings suggest that policymakers should monitor these trends to mitigate the environmental and infrastructural damage caused by blowing sand.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Reza Rahdari & Rasoul Kharazmi & Jesús Rodrigo-Comino & Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo, 2024. "Spatial-Temporal Assessment of Dust Events and Trend Analysis of Sand Drift Potential in Northeastern Iran, Gonabad," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:11:p:1906-:d:1520388
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohammad Reza Rahdari & Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo, 2021. "Monitoring Sand Drift Potential and Sand Dune Mobility over the Last Three Decades (Khartouran Erg, Sabzevar, NE Iran)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Reza Modarres & Shiva Sadeghi, 2018. "Spatial and temporal trends of dust storms across desert regions of Iran," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 90(1), pages 101-114, January.
    3. Miao, Haozeyu & Dong, Danhong & Huang, Gang & Hu, Kaiming & Tian, Qun & Gong, Yuanfa, 2020. "Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere surface wind speed and wind power density in multiple reanalysis datasets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    4. Hayatullah Ahmadzai, 2023. "The impact of sand and dust storms on agriculture in Iraq," Middle East Development Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(1), pages 50-65, January.
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