IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v13y2024i11p1857-d1515928.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sustainability Assessment of Geotourism Consumption Based on Energy–Water–Waste–Economic Nexus: Evidence from Zhangye Danxia National Geopark

Author

Listed:
  • Bing Xia

    (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract

The development of geotourism and the establishment of geoparks can generate new job opportunities, new economic activities, and additional sources of income, with great significance in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Tourists often consume more energy and water and generate more waste in order to seek a more comfortable state during their travels. This research took Zhangye Danxia National Geopark in the north slope of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in China as an example and combined field research with questionnaires to construct a non-radial model (SBM) based on energy-water-waste-economic nexus. From the perspective of consumption, this research focuses on the consumer characteristics of geotourism sustainability based on the energy–water–waste–economic nexus (GTS-EWWE) and the driving factors behind them under different degrees of consumption. The elderly, children, and high-income tourists can contribute more to the sustainability of geotourism. Stay duration in the geopark and energy consumption are the native driving factors behind the sustainability of geotourism. However, with the improvement of the tourism consumption level, the marginal effect of the negative influence of both factors is diminishing gradually. While tourism expenditure is a positive driving factor, the tourist’s travel mode and the consumer’s awareness of ecological–environmental actions will contribute more to the sustainability of geotourism. New energy technologies to promote the green development of geoparks is significant. This research aims to provide a reference for the sustainability assessment of geoheritage sights and to provide evidence for the appropriate management policy with respect to their sustainable development.

Suggested Citation

  • Bing Xia, 2024. "Sustainability Assessment of Geotourism Consumption Based on Energy–Water–Waste–Economic Nexus: Evidence from Zhangye Danxia National Geopark," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:11:p:1857-:d:1515928
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/11/1857/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/11/1857/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhu Cheng & Maozhu Jin & Qijie Jiang, 2021. "Research into the Competitiveness of Scenic Areas from the Perspective of Tourists: A Case Study of the Jiuzhai Valley," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(5), pages 1349-1357, April.
    2. Shi, Yan & Du, Yuanyuan & Yang, Guofu & Tang, Yuli & Fan, Likun & Zhang, Jun & Lu, Yijun & Ge, Ying & Chang, Jie, 2013. "The use of green waste from tourist attractions for renewable energy production: The potential and policy implications," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 410-418.
    3. Owen, Anne & Scott, Kate & Barrett, John, 2018. "Identifying critical supply chains and final products: An input-output approach to exploring the energy-water-food nexus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 632-642.
    4. Tone, Kaoru, 2001. "A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 130(3), pages 498-509, May.
    5. Gossling, Stefan & Hansson, Carina Borgstrom & Horstmeier, Oliver & Saggel, Stefan, 2002. "Ecological footprint analysis as a tool to assess tourism sustainability," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2-3), pages 199-211, December.
    6. Mengting Chen & Liang Zheng & Dike Zhang & Jiangfeng Li, 2022. "Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Obstacle Factors Analysis of Tourism Ecological Security in Huanggang Dabieshan UNESCO Global Geopark," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-22, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Qiao Wang & Meixian Wei & Nan Wang & Qiuhua Chen, 2024. "The Impact of Human Capital and Tourism Industry Agglomeration on China’s Tourism Eco-Efficiency: An Analysis Based on the Undesirable Super-SBM-ML Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-24, August.
    2. Lingling Chen & Brijesh Thapa & Wei Yan, 2018. "The Relationship between Tourism, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Economic Growth in the Yangtze River Delta, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, June.
    3. Fabio Iraldo & Benedetta Nucci, 2016. "Proactive environmental management in hotels: What difference does it make?," ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2016(2), pages 81-106.
    4. Wen-Min Lu & Qian Long Kweh & Chung-Wei Wang, 2021. "Integration and application of rough sets and data envelopment analysis for assessments of the investment trusts industry," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 296(1), pages 163-194, January.
    5. Franz R. Hahn, 2007. "Determinants of Bank Efficiency in Europe. Assessing Bank Performance Across Markets," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 31499, March.
    6. Alperovych, Yan & Hübner, Georges & Lobet, Fabrice, 2015. "How does governmental versus private venture capital backing affect a firm's efficiency? Evidence from Belgium," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 508-525.
    7. Chen, Ya & Pan, Yongbin & Liu, Haoxiang & Wu, Huaqing & Deng, Guangwei, 2023. "Efficiency analysis of Chinese universities with shared inputs: An aggregated two-stage network DEA approach," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    8. Kristiaan Kerstens & Jafar Sadeghi & Ignace Van de Woestyne, 2020. "Plant capacity notions in a non-parametric framework: a brief review and new graph or non-oriented plant capacities," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 288(2), pages 837-860, May.
    9. Ashrafi, Ali & Seow, Hsin-Vonn & Lee, Lai Soon & Lee, Chew Ging, 2013. "The efficiency of the hotel industry in Singapore," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 31-34.
    10. Juan Aparicio & Jesus T. Pastor & Jose L. Sainz-Pardo & Fernando Vidal, 2020. "Estimating and decomposing overall inefficiency by determining the least distance to the strongly efficient frontier in data envelopment analysis," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 747-770, June.
    11. Qin, Quande & Li, Xin & Li, Li & Zhen, Wei & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2017. "Air emissions perspective on energy efficiency: An empirical analysis of China’s coastal areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 604-614.
    12. Atris, Amani Mohammed & Goto, Mika, 2019. "Vertical structure and efficiency assessment of the US oil and gas companies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-1.
    13. Chen, Yufeng & Ni, Liangfu & Liu, Kelong, 2021. "Does China's new energy vehicle industry innovate efficiently? A three-stage dynamic network slacks-based measure approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    14. Mohammad Nourani & Qian Long Kweh & Evelyn Shyamala Devadason & V.G.R. Chandran, 2020. "A decomposition analysis of managerial efficiency for the insurance companies: A data envelopment analysis approach," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(6), pages 885-901, September.
    15. Honma, Satoshi, 2012. "Environmental and economic efficiencies in the Asia-Pacific region," MPRA Paper 43361, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Bao Jiang & Enxin Chi & Jian Li, 2022. "Uncertain Data Envelopment Analysis for Cross Efficiency Evaluation with Imprecise Data," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(13), pages 1-9, June.
    17. Jia Li & Yahong Zheng & Bing Liu & Yanyi Chen & Zhihang Zhong & Chenyu Dong & Chaoqun Wang, 2024. "The Synergistic Relationship between Low-Carbon Development of Road Freight Transport and Its Economic Efficiency—A Case Study of Wuhan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-21, March.
    18. Yongqi Feng & Haolin Zhang & Yung-ho Chiu & Tzu-Han Chang, 2021. "Innovation efficiency and the impact of the institutional quality: a cross-country analysis using the two-stage meta-frontier dynamic network DEA model," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(4), pages 3091-3129, April.
    19. Eder, Andreas, 2024. "The effect of land fragmentation on risk and technical efficiency of crop farms," FORLand Working Papers 31 (2024), Humboldt University Berlin, DFG Research Unit 2569 FORLand "Agricultural Land Markets – Efficiency and Regulation".
    20. Zhuang Miao & Tomas Baležentis & Zhihua Tian & Shuai Shao & Yong Geng & Rui Wu, 2019. "Environmental Performance and Regulation Effect of China’s Atmospheric Pollutant Emissions: Evidence from “Three Regions and Ten Urban Agglomerations”," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 74(1), pages 211-242, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:11:p:1857-:d:1515928. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.