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Community Resilience in Accessing Essential Service Facilities Considering Equity and Aging Demand: A Case of Shanghai, China

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  • Xiaohe Zhang

    (Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
    Department of Architecture and Urban Studies, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy)

  • Haixiao Pan

    (Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract

The COVID-19 lockdown has deepened inequity among vulnerable groups, such as the elderly. Reducing inequity in access to essential service facilities is an effective way to improve community resilience in dealing with pandemics. In this research, three indexes were created to measure community resilience in accessing essential services. Specifically, we have considered the different walking capacity and different needs of the elderly and the general population. We selected Shanghai as the case for our research and analyzed the spatial patterns of both space-based and population-based essential service facilities. The Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient were used to measure the spatial equity. And, we attempted to reveal the relationships between the population density and three indexes through bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association. The results suggest that the Diversity Index enjoys the highest equity, followed by the Demand Accessibility Index, and the equity of the Per Capita Quantity Index is the lowest. Furthermore, the accessibility of essential services in urban areas is excellent, while in some suburban areas it is low. Our findings contribute valuable scientific insights for policy makers to strengthen community resilience and address inequities for immediate or long-term measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaohe Zhang & Haixiao Pan, 2023. "Community Resilience in Accessing Essential Service Facilities Considering Equity and Aging Demand: A Case of Shanghai, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:12:p:2167-:d:1300304
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. David Mitchell & Bernhard Barth & Serene Ho & M. Siraj Sait & Darryn McEvoy, 2021. "The Benefits of Fit-for-Purpose Land Administration for Urban Community Resilience in a Time of Climate Change and COVID-19 Pandemic," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Rosina K Foli & Frank L K Ohemeng, 2022. "“Provide our basic needs or we go out”: the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, inequality, and social policy in Ghana [Easing of lockdown a relief to Ghana’s poor—despite fears it is premature]," Policy and Society, Darryl S. Jarvis and M. Ramesh, vol. 41(2), pages 217-230.
    4. Barker, Kash & Ramirez-Marquez, Jose Emmanuel & Rocco, Claudio M., 2013. "Resilience-based network component importance measures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 89-97.
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