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Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis

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  • Luhua Wu

    (School of Economics and Management, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
    State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

  • Shijie Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

  • Xiaoyong Bai

    (State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

  • Fei Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

  • Chaojun Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

  • Chen Ran

    (State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

  • Sirui Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
    Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China)

Abstract

Identifying the impacts of climatic factors on runoff change has become a central topic in climate and hydrology research. This issue, however, has received minimal attention in karst watersheds worldwide. Multi-resolution analysis (MRA), continuous wavelet transform (CWT), cross wavelet transform (XWT) and wavelet transform coherence (WTC) are used to study the teleconnection in time and frequency between climate change and hydrological processes in a typical karst watershed at different time scales. The main results are: (1) All climatic factors exhibit a main cycle at 12-month time scales with runoff changes, but the main periodic bandwidth of rainfall on runoff changes is much wider than that of temperature and evaporation, indicating that rainfall is the main factor affecting runoff changes. (2) In other cycles, the impact of rainfall on runoff changes is the interlacing phenomena with positive and negative, but the impact of temperature and evaporation on runoff change is mainly negative. (3) The response of runoff to rainfall is in time in the high-energy region and the low-energy significant-correlation region and has shown a positive correlation with a smaller phase angle, but it is slightly lagged at 16-month time scales. Moreover, the runoff change lags behind temperature and evaporation for 1–2 months in those regions. (4) It has been found that there is a strong effect of rainfall over runoff, but a lesser effect of temperature and evaporation over runoff. The study sheds light on the main teleconnections between rainfall, evapotranspiration and surface runoff, which in turn might help to attain the better management of water resources in typical karst watersheds.

Suggested Citation

  • Luhua Wu & Shijie Wang & Xiaoyong Bai & Fei Chen & Chaojun Li & Chen Ran & Sirui Zhang, 2022. "Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-31, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:8:p:1284-:d:884653
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qin, Luoyi & Bai, Xiaoyong & Wang, Shijie & Zhou, Dequan & Li, Yue & Peng, Tao & Tian, Yichao & Luo, Guangjie, 2015. "Major problems and solutions on surface water resource utilisation in karst mountainous areas," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 55-65.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yaopeng Sun & Zhongfa Zhou & Denghong Huang & Quan Chen & Min Fang, 2022. "The Spatial and Temporal Evolution Pattern and Transformation of Urban–Rural Construction Land in Karst Mountainous Areas: Qixingguan District of Guizhou, Southwest China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Hui Liu & Songbo Huang & Chou Xie & Bangsen Tian & Mi Chen & Zhanqiang Chang, 2023. "Monitoring Roadbed Stability in Permafrost Area of Qinghai–Tibet Railway by MT-InSAR Technology," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Luhua Wu & Shijie Wang & Xiaoyong Bai & Guangjie Luo & Jinfeng Wang & Fei Chen & Chaojun Li & Chen Ran & Sirui Zhang, 2022. "Accelerating the Improvement of Human Well-Being in China through Economic Growth and Policy Adjustment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-20, October.
    4. Yangyang Wu & Lei Gu & Siliang Li & Chunzi Guo & Xiaodong Yang & Yue Xu & Fujun Yue & Haijun Peng & Yinchuan Chen & Jinli Yang & Zhenghua Shi & Guangjie Luo, 2022. "Responses of NDVI to Climate Change and LUCC along Large-Scale Transportation Projects in Fragile Karst Areas, SW China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, October.

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