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A Typology of Nature-Based Solutions for Sustainable Development: An Analysis of Form, Function, Nomenclature, and Associated Applications

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  • Vidya Anderson

    (Climate Laboratory, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada)

  • William A. Gough

    (Climate Laboratory, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada)

Abstract

This study presents a typology of nature-based solutions (NbS), addressing the need for a standardized source of definitions and nomenclature, and to facilitate communication in this interdisciplinary field of theory and practice. Growing usage of the umbrella phrase ‘nature-based solutions’ has led to a broad inclusion of terms. With the diversity of terminology used, the full potential of NbS may be lost in the confusion of misapplied terms. Standardization and definition of commonly used nature-based nomenclature are necessary to facilitate communication in this rapidly expanding field. Through objective systemization of applications, functions, and benefits, NbS can be embraced as a standard intervention to address societal challenges and support achievement of the UN SDGs.

Suggested Citation

  • Vidya Anderson & William A. Gough, 2022. "A Typology of Nature-Based Solutions for Sustainable Development: An Analysis of Form, Function, Nomenclature, and Associated Applications," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:7:p:1072-:d:862158
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    4. Vidya Anderson & William A. Gough, 2021. "Harnessing the Four Horsemen of Climate Change: A Framework for Deep Resilience, Decarbonization, and Planetary Health in Ontario, Canada," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Simon Stork & Bernd Pölling & Wolf Lorleberg & Rolf Morgenstern & Jan-Henning Feil, 2023. "Clustering Business Models of Heterogeneous Nature-Based Solutions Implementing Innovative Governance and Financing Concepts," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Vidya Anderson & Matej Zgela & William A. Gough, 2023. "Building Urban Resilience with Nature-Based Solutions: A Multi-Scale Case Study of the Atmospheric Cleansing Potential of Green Infrastructure in Southern Ontario, Canada," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Renata Aguayo Lopes da Silva & Renato Cesar Gonçalves Robert & Thomas Purfürst, 2023. "How Is the Forest Sector’s Contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Being Addressed? A Systematic Review of the Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-25, June.
    4. Wei Li & Rui Sun & Ye Tian, 2023. "Research on the Application of NbS in Watershed Ecological Restoration: A Case Study of Jiulong River Watershed Shan-Shui Initiative," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-14, December.
    5. Peter Woods Ellis & Aaron Marr Page & Stephen Wood & Joseph Fargione & Yuta J. Masuda & Vanessa Carrasco Denney & Campbell Moore & Timm Kroeger & Bronson Griscom & Jonathan Sanderman & Tyson Atleo & R, 2024. "The principles of natural climate solutions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    6. Vidya Anderson & Manavvi Suneja & Jelena Dunjic, 2023. "Sensing and Measurement Techniques for Evaluation of Nature-Based Solutions: A State-of-the-Art Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-39, July.

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