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Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Steppe Climate: Effect of Water and Trees in an Urban Park

Author

Listed:
  • Saeid Teshnehdel

    (Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Elisa Gatto

    (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, University of Salento, S.P. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Dongying Li

    (Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

  • Robert D. Brown

    (Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA)

Abstract

Excess heat in urban environments is an increasing threat to human health and well-being. Furthermore, the increasingly important phenomenon of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) is exacerbating problems of livability in urban centers. Hence, there should be an increasing effort to assess the impact of heat mitigation strategies (HMSs) on outdoor thermal comfort in cities. This research has investigated how urban areas in steppe climate zones can be more thermally comfortable due to the effects of water bodies and trees, and how this might help to mitigate heat waves. Numerical simulations using the ENVI-met microclimate model have been performed for an urban park in Tabriz, Iran. In-situ measurements of air temperature (Ta) and mean radiant temperature (MRT) have been carried out in the study site and the collected data was used to validate the model (RMSE value 0.98 °C for Ta and 5.85 °C for MRT). Results show that water body evaporation without trees may decrease the air temperature, but on the other hand also increases the humidity, which reduces the positive impact on thermal comfort. However, the combination of water body with trees represents a better performance in the regulation of urban microclimate and thermal comfort.

Suggested Citation

  • Saeid Teshnehdel & Elisa Gatto & Dongying Li & Robert D. Brown, 2022. "Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Steppe Climate: Effect of Water and Trees in an Urban Park," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:3:p:431-:d:772407
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wencelito Palis Hintural & Hee-Gyu Woo & Hyeongwon Choi & Hyo-Lim Lee & HaSu Lim & Woo Bin Youn & Byung Bae Park, 2024. "Ecosystem Services Synergies and Trade-Offs from Tree Structural Perspectives: Implications for Effective Urban Green Space Management and Strategic Land Use Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Ying Zheng & Qiyao Han & Greg Keeffe, 2024. "An Evaluation of Different Landscape Design Scenarios to Improve Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Shenzhen," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Xiaoyu Li & Jingxi Peng & Dongying Li & Robert D. Brown, 2023. "A Framework for Evidence-Based Landscape Architecture: Cooling a Hot Urban Climate through Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    4. Ying Zheng & Greg Keeffe & Jasna Mariotti, 2023. "Nature-Based Solutions for Cooling in High-Density Neighbourhoods in Shenzhen: A Case Study of Baishizhou," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-18, March.

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