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Goat Breeding: A Possible Sustainable Way to Manage Xerophytic Thickets in Southwestern Madagascar

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  • Josoa R. Randriamalala

    (Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 175, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar)

  • Dominique Hervé

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, SENS (IRD, CIRAD, Université Paul Valéry), 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier, France)

Abstract

Spiny thickets or xerophytic thickets (XTs) are a type of shrubby vegetation found in the far south and southwest of Madagascar, the driest parts of the island. This type of vegetation, which is rich in endemic animal and plant species, is endangered. Extensive local goat breeding ( Capra hircus , for meat and milk production) based on XT browsing is an important source of household income. The aim of this paper is to analyse the possibility of using improved goat breeding as an alternative to wood charcoal (WC) production and slash-and-burn agriculture (SBA), which are unsustainable activities. The literature on (i) the impacts of SBA, WC production, and goat browsing on the XT ecosystem and (ii) the income provided by these three activities is reviewed to determine the sustainability level of improved goat husbandry. SBA and WC production reduced XT biomass and XT cover area, while goat browsing alone, at a stocking rate of one head per hectare, did not affect XT leaf biomass production and shrub regeneration. Furthermore, batch breeding and flushing techniques provided the highest annual income, mainly from the sale of surplus animal products. This improved goat husbandry may be a sustainable alternative to WC production. However, increasing the current stocking rate is necessary to surpass the combined income of WC production and SBA. An estimation of the XT carrying capacity would offer a basis to assess whether this ecosystem would support a higher stocking rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Josoa R. Randriamalala & Dominique Hervé, 2022. "Goat Breeding: A Possible Sustainable Way to Manage Xerophytic Thickets in Southwestern Madagascar," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:3:p:405-:d:767941
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Regina Neudert & Johanna F Goetter & Jessica N Andriamparany & Miandrazo Rakotoarisoa, 2015. "Income diversification, wealth, education and well-being in rural south-western Madagascar: Results from the Mahafaly region," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(6), pages 758-784, November.
    2. Hänke, Hendrik & Barkmann, Jan, 2017. "Insurance Function of Livestock: Farmer’s Coping Capacity with Regional Droughts in South-Western Madagascar," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 264-275.
    3. Neudert, Regina & Olschofsky, Konstantin & Kübler, Daniel & Prill, Laura & Köhl, Michael & Wätzold, Frank, 2018. "Opportunity costs of conserving a dry tropical forest under REDD+: The case of the spiny dry forest in southwestern Madagascar," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 102-114.
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