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Evaluating the Impact of the Influx of Syrian Refugees on Land Use/Land Cover Change in Irbid District, Northwestern Jordan

Author

Listed:
  • Sattam Al Shogoor

    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mutah University, AlKarak 61710, Jordan)

  • Wahib Sahwan

    (Physical Geography, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie Universidad Berlin, Malteserstraße 74–100, 12449 Berlin, Germany)

  • Khaled Hazaymeh

    (Department of Geography, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan)

  • Eman Almhadeen

    (Ministry of Education, Amman 11118, Jordan)

  • Brigitta Schütt

    (Physical Geography, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie Universidad Berlin, Malteserstraße 74–100, 12449 Berlin, Germany)

Abstract

The refugee movement creates urban and environmental pressures at their destination locations. This pressure often presents in the form of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) change. This study seeks to understand the impact of the Syrian refugees’ influence on changing the urban and agricultural land dynamics in Irbid district in northwestern Jordan from 1985 to 2021, including the period of the civil war in Syria, using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for the years 1985 and 2004, and the Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for the years 2013 and 2021. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform was used to conduct all image processing and perform calculations and classification analysis using the Random Forest (RF) approach. The study of the classified images compared LULC before and during the Syrian crisis using images from 1985, 2004, 2013, and 2021. The results show that the urban area increased. In parallel, agricultural land increased. During the Syrian refugee crisis, agriculture became a significant livelihood activity for Syrian refugees. In summary, the movement of the refugees to Irbid district caused an increased demand for land and housing, which accelerated the building and construction process.

Suggested Citation

  • Sattam Al Shogoor & Wahib Sahwan & Khaled Hazaymeh & Eman Almhadeen & Brigitta Schütt, 2022. "Evaluating the Impact of the Influx of Syrian Refugees on Land Use/Land Cover Change in Irbid District, Northwestern Jordan," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:3:p:372-:d:763222
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Walker, Ruth B. & Hiller, Janet E., 2007. "Places and health: A qualitative study to explore how older women living alone perceive the social and physical dimensions of their neighbourhoods," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(6), pages 1154-1165, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alina Maciejewska & Łukasz Kuzak & Marianna Ulanicka-Raczyńska & Yaryna Onufriv, 2023. "Use of Field Reserves in Emergencies as Assessed by Urban Residents and Refugees in Warsaw and Lviv during the War in Ukraine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.

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