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Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches

Author

Listed:
  • Dimitrios Kitsakis

    (School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece)

  • Eftychia Kalogianni

    (Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BW Delft, The Netherlands)

  • Efi Dimopoulou

    (School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

Intense exploitation of land implies the development of multi-level, multi-purpose, overlapping and interlocking structures on 3D space, thus resulting in complex, stratified, 3D real property rights between individual owners, as well as restrictions. Legislation regulates the ownership status and use of land by imposing restrictions known as Public Law Restrictions (PLRs). PLRs extend to various fields and various legislative frameworks, such as the protection of archaeological sites, protection and maintenance of underground infrastructures and utilities, environmental protection, flying of unmanned air vehicles, etc. PLRs are usually investigated in the context of property rights and restrictions in the various Land Administration Systems worldwide, and do not often gain specific attention. However, it is noticed that the restrictions that arise from Public Law need to be investigated and classified, so that they can be better utilised in the property status of land ownership. This review paper investigates the legal statutes on PLRs within the context of 3D land administration and the stipulations used to provide unambiguous modelling of PLRs, as provided by the relative literature. Moreover, the PLRs applied in the 3D space, to clearly depict rights, restrictions and responsibilities on the relevant spatial unit (land, air, marine parcel, mine, utility network, etc.), are particularly examined. Therefore, this work is to critically review and assess the aforementioned approaches on PLRs’ registration, modelling and organisation, as provided by a literature survey, and provides an overall view of the requirements and challenges within the development of 3D Land Administration Systems also considering standardisation developments.

Suggested Citation

  • Dimitrios Kitsakis & Eftychia Kalogianni & Efi Dimopoulou, 2022. "Public Law Restrictions in the Context of 3D Land Administration—Review on Legal and Technical Approaches," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:1:p:88-:d:719110
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Diana Bobikova & Zofia Kuzevicova & Stefan Kuzevic & Ibrahim Alkhalaf, 2022. "Proposal of a New Approach for Protected Deposit Area Registration in Public Administration Information Systems—A Case Study from Slovakia," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Emamgholian, Saeid & Pouliot, Jacynthe & Shojaei, Davood, 2024. "A conceptual framework for automatic modelling and conflict detection of 3D land-use regulation restrictions to support issuing planning permits," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Grgo Dželalija & Miodrag Roić, 2023. "Bibliometrics on Public Utilities Registration Research," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, May.
    4. Baoshun Wang & Yanfang Liu & Zhaomin Tong & Rui An & Jiwei Xu, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Dynamic Characteristics of Land Use Intensity in Rapidly Urbanizing Areas from Urban Underground Space Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, August.

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