IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v11y2022i12p2117-d982732.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

From Wooded Savannah to Farmland and Settlement: Population Growth, Drought, Energy Needs and Cotton Price Incentives Driving Changes in Wacoro, Mali

Author

Listed:
  • Nagalé Dit Mahamadou Sanogo

    (WASCAL Program, University of the Gambia, MDI Road, Serrekunda P.O. Box 3530, The Gambia)

  • Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba

    (African Forest Forum (AFF), United Nations Avenue, Nairobi P.O. Box 30677-00100, Kenya
    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso)

  • Fabrice G. Renaud

    (School of Interdisciplinary Studies, The University of Glasgow, Dumfries Campus, Rutherford/McCowan Building, Dumfries DG1 4ZL, UK)

  • Melanie Feurer

    (Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacherstr. 4, 79098 Freiburg, Germany
    School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Länggasse 85, 3052 Zollikofen, Switzerland)

Abstract

Land includes vegetation and water bodies and provides the basis for human livelihoods through primary production, food and freshwater supply, and multiple other ecosystem services. The last three decades have recorded frequent drought events as well as rapid population growth, which has often resulted in adverse land use and land cover change (LULCC) in the Sahel of Sub-Saharan Africa. In order to propose sustainable land management strategies, it is a prerequisite to investigate the rate of LULCC and its driving factors in specific locations. This study investigated the case of Wacoro municipality in Mali using a combined approach of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems, and focus group discussions. Satellite images and local people’s perceptions on LULCC and drivers were collected and analyzed for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. We found that the study area faced a rapid decrease in wooded savannah that was degraded and converted to shrub savannah and later to farmland and settlement. Changes were directly or indirectly related to the rapid population growth, high cotton price (which encouraged cropland expansion), drought, firewood extraction, and charcoal production, which was exacerbated by poverty. We suggest promoting integrated land management strategies that consider current and future livelihood needs and preserve the environment for the benefits of future generations. New agricultural policies, such as cotton price incentives, should always be accompanied by an assessment of their potential environmental impacts and design of adequate mitigation measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Nagalé Dit Mahamadou Sanogo & Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba & Fabrice G. Renaud & Melanie Feurer, 2022. "From Wooded Savannah to Farmland and Settlement: Population Growth, Drought, Energy Needs and Cotton Price Incentives Driving Changes in Wacoro, Mali," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-16, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:12:p:2117-:d:982732
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/12/2117/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/12/2117/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Schielein, Johannes & Börner, Jan, 2018. "Recent transformations of land-use and land-cover dynamics across different deforestation frontiers in the Brazilian Amazon," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 81-94.
    2. Ezenwa E. Olumba & Bernard U. Nwosu & Francis N. Okpaleke & Rowland Chukwuma Okoli, 2022. "Conceptualising eco-violence: moving beyond the multiple labelling of water and agricultural resource conflicts in the Sahel," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(9), pages 2075-2090, July.
    3. Colin Thor West & Sarah Benecky & Cassandra Karlsson & Bella Reiss & Aaron J. Moody, 2020. "Bottom-Up Perspectives on the Re-Greening of the Sahel: An Evaluation of the Spatial Relationship between Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) and Tree-Cover in Burkina Faso," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-22, June.
    4. Falconnier, Gatien N. & Descheemaeker, Katrien & Traore, Bouba & Bayoko, Arouna & Giller, Ken E., 2018. "Agricultural intensification and policy interventions: Exploring plausible futures for smallholder farmers in Southern Mali," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 623-634.
    5. Karamoko Sanogo & Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu & Souleymane Sanogo & Abdulkadir Aishetu & Abdramane Ba, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Response of Vegetation to Rainfall and Air Temperature Fluctuations in the Sahel: Case Study in the Forest Reserve of Fina, Mali," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Onil Banerjee & Martin Cicowiez & Marcia Macedo & Žiga Malek & Peter Verburg & Sean Goodwin & Renato Vargas & Ludmila Rattis & Paulo M. Brando & Michael T. Coe & Christopher Neill & Octavio Damiani, 2020. "An Amazon Tipping Point: The Economic and Environmental Fallout," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0292, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    2. David López-Carr, 2021. "A Review of Small Farmer Land Use and Deforestation in Tropical Forest Frontiers: Implications for Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Conceição, Katyanne V. & Chaves, Michel E.D. & Picoli, Michelle C.A. & Sánchez, Alber H. & Soares, Anderson R. & Mataveli, Guilherme A.V. & Silva, Daniel E. & Costa, Joelma S. & Camara, Gilberto, 2021. "Government policies endanger the indigenous peoples of the Brazilian Amazon," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. René Poccard-Chapuis & Sophie Plassin & Reinis Osis & Daniel Pinillos & Gustavo Martinez Pimentel & Marcelo Cordeiro Thalês & François Laurent & Mario Rodrigo de Oliveira Gomes & Laura Angelica Ferrei, 2021. "Mapping Land Suitability to Guide Landscape Restoration in the Amazon," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-24, April.
    5. Savka Mariia & Cherneviy Yurii & Yatsiv Ihor & Balaniuk Ivan & Shelenko Diana & Yatsiv Svitlana, 2022. "Forecasting Parameters of Farm Development At the Regional Level Using the STELLA Program," Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development, Sciendo, vol. 44(2), pages 209-222, June.
    6. Tu, Hung-Ming & Chen, Hui-Mei, 2020. "From deforestation to afforestation: Effect of slopeland use policies on land use/cover change in Taiwan," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    7. Carauta, Marcelo & Troost, Christian & Guzman-Bustamante, Ivan & Hampf, Anna & Libera, Affonso & Meurer, Katharina & Bönecke, Eric & Franko, Uwe & Ribeiro Rodrigues, Renato de Aragão & Berger, Thomas, 2021. "Climate-related land use policies in Brazil: How much has been achieved with economic incentives in agriculture?," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    8. Vasco Chiteculo & Azadeh Abdollahnejad & Dimitrios Panagiotidis & Peter Surový & Ram P. Sharma, 2018. "Defining Deforestation Patterns Using Satellite Images from 2000 and 2017: Assessment of Forest Management in Miombo Forests—A Case Study of Huambo Province in Angola," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Adam Płachciak & Jakub Marcinkowski, 2022. "Humanitarian Assistance in G5 Sahel: Social Sustainability Context of Macrologistics Potential," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-25, July.
    10. da Motta Bustamante, Juliana & Stevanov, Mirjana & Krott, Max & Ferreira de Carvalho, Edson, 2018. "Brazilian State Forest Institutions: Implementation of forestry goals evaluated by the 3L Model," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 531-546.
    11. Kandel, Matt & Anghileri, Daniela & Alare, Rahinatu S. & Lovett, Peter N. & Agaba, Genevieve & Addoah, Thomas & Schreckenberg, Kate, 2022. "Farmers’ perspectives and context are key for the success and sustainability of farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) in northeastern Ghana," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    12. Michelle C. A. Picoli & Ana Rorato & Pedro Leitão & Gilberto Camara & Adeline Maciel & Patrick Hostert & Ieda Del’Arco Sanches, 2020. "Impacts of Public and Private Sector Policies on Soybean and Pasture Expansion in Mato Grosso—Brazil from 2001 to 2017," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, January.
    13. Joseph Ikechukwu Uduji & Nduka Elda Vitalis Okolo-Obasi & Joy Ukamaka Uduji & Longinus Chukwudi Odoh & Deborah Chinwendu Otei & Happiness Ozioma Obi-Anike & Emmanuel Ejiofor Nwanmuoh & Kristopher Onye, 2024. "Herder-Farmer Conflict in sub-Saharan Africa and Corporate Social Responsibility in Nigeria’s Oil Host Communities," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 24/024, African Governance and Development Institute..
    14. João Vitor Roque Guerrero & António Alberto Teixeira Gomes & José Augusto de Lollo & Luiz Eduardo Moschini, 2020. "Mapping Potential Zones for Ecotourism Ecosystem Services as a Tool to Promote Landscape Resilience and Development in a Brazilian Municipality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-21, December.
    15. Cisneros, Elías & Börner, Jan & Pagiola, Stefano & Wunder, Sven, 2022. "Impacts of conservation incentives in protected areas: The case of Bolsa Floresta, Brazil," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    16. da Silva Medina, Gabriel & Pokorny, Benno & Campbell, Bruce, 2022. "Forest governance in the Amazon: Favoring the emergence of local management systems," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    17. Daniella Tiemi Sasaki Okida & Osmar Abílio de Carvalho Júnior & Osmar Luiz Ferreira de Carvalho & Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso Gomes & Renato Fontes Guimarães, 2021. "Relationship between Land Property Security and Brazilian Amazon Deforestation in the Mato Grosso State during the Period 2013–2018," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    18. Huet, E.K. & Adam, M. & Giller, K.E. & Descheemaeker, K., 2020. "Diversity in perception and management of farming risks in southern Mali," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    19. Marianno de Olivera, Laís Caroline & de Mendonça, Gislaine Costa & Araújo Costa, Renata Cristina & Leite de Camargo, Regina Aparecida & Fernandes, Luís Filipe Sanches & Pacheco, Fernando António Leal , 2023. "Impacts of urban sprawl in the Administrative Region of Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) and measures to restore improved landscapes," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    20. Pereira, Alexia Saleme Aona de Paula & dos Santos, Vitor Juste & Alves, Sabrina do Carmo & Amaral e Silva, Arthur & da Silva, Charles Gomes & Calijuri, Maria Lúcia, 2022. "Contribution of rural settlements to the deforestation dynamics in the Legal Amazon," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:12:p:2117-:d:982732. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.