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Phosphogypsum Stack Reclamation Using Soil Amendments and Short-Rotational Woody Species

Author

Listed:
  • Martin J. C. Robinson

    (Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada)

  • Amalesh Dhar

    (Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada)

  • M. Anne Naeth

    (Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada)

  • Connie K. Nichol

    (Agrium Fort Saskatchewan Nitrogen Operations, Fort Saskatchewan, AB T8L 4J1, Canada)

Abstract

Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphorus fertilizer production that is stored in large piles (stacks). Typically, PG stack reclamation focuses on topsoil caps vegetated with grass which has limited economic return. Therefore, a study was conducted using the short-rotational tree species ( Picea glauca, Populus balsamifera ) to determine their potential in PG stack reclamation. Five soil amendments (compost, compost with mycorrhizal fungi, manure pellets, black earth, mycorrhizal fungi) with a control (no amendment on PG) were used in a field experiment to determine whether they would enhance the growth of the planted species. After two years, amendments had little effect on the height, diameter or biomass of either species. P. balsamifera on PG (control) was significantly healthier than in amended soils. The healthiest and most successful trees for both species were found in the control treatment. Organic amendments (compost, manure) had significantly higher nitrate and phosphorus than most of the other treatments. Black earth and mycorrhizal fungi did not affect any soil properties relative to the control. This study suggests short-rotational forestry plantations of Populus balsamifera appear to be meeting reclamation objectives for PG stacks, similar to traditional grass covers; however, the built soil profile could limit tree success in future.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin J. C. Robinson & Amalesh Dhar & M. Anne Naeth & Connie K. Nichol, 2022. "Phosphogypsum Stack Reclamation Using Soil Amendments and Short-Rotational Woody Species," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:11:p:2003-:d:967419
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ilse Laureysens & Jan Bogaert & Ronny Blust & Reinhart Ceulemans, 2004. "Biomass production of 17 poplar clones in a short-rotation coppice culture on a waste disposal site and its relation to soil characteristics," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/170932, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    2. Langholtz, Matthew & Carter, Douglas R. & Rockwood, Donald L. & Alavalapati, Janaki R.R., 2007. "The economic feasibility of reclaiming phosphate mined lands with short-rotation woody crops in Florida," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 237-249, February.
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