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Soil Tillage and Crop Growth Effects on Surface and Subsurface Runoff, Loss of Soil, Phosphorus and Nitrogen in a Cold Climate

Author

Listed:
  • Marianne E. Bechmann

    (Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway)

  • Frederik Bøe

    (Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway)

Abstract

Most studies on the effects of tillage operations documented the effects of tillage on losses through surface runoff. On flat areas, the subsurface runoff is the dominating pathway for water, soil and nutrients. This study presents results from a five-year plot study on a flat area measuring surface and subsurface runoff losses. The treatments compared were (A) autumn ploughing with oats, (B) autumn ploughing with winter wheat and (C) spring ploughing with spring barley (n = 3). The results showed that subsurface runoff was the main source for soil (67%), total phosphorus (76%), dissolved reactive phosphorus (75%) and total nitrogen (89%) losses. Through the subsurface pathway, the lowest soil losses occurred from the spring ploughed plots. Losses of total phosphorus through subsurface runoff were also lower from spring ploughing compared to autumn ploughing. Total nitrogen losses were higher from autumn ploughing compared to other treatments. Losses of total nitrogen were more influenced by autumn ploughing than by a nitrogen surplus in production. Single extreme weather events, like the summer drought in 2018 and high precipitation in October 2014 were crucial to the annual soil and nutrient losses. Considering extreme weather events in agricultural management is a necessary prerequisite for successful mitigation of soil and nutrient losses in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Marianne E. Bechmann & Frederik Bøe, 2021. "Soil Tillage and Crop Growth Effects on Surface and Subsurface Runoff, Loss of Soil, Phosphorus and Nitrogen in a Cold Climate," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-15, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:1:p:77-:d:481203
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Felicia Cheţan & Teodor Rusu & Roxana Elena Călugăr & Cornel Chețan & Alina Şimon & Adrian Ceclan & Marius Bărdaș & Olimpia Smaranda Mintaș, 2022. "Research on the Interdependence Linkages between Soil Tillage Systems and Climate Factors on Maize Crop," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Chenhui Li & Wenhai Shi & Mingbin Huang, 2023. "Effects of Crop Rotation and Topography on Soil Erosion and Nutrient Loss under Natural Rainfall Conditions on the Chinese Loess Plateau," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Felicia Cheţan & Teodor Rusu & Cornel Cheţan & Camelia Urdă & Raluca Rezi & Alina Şimon & Ileana Bogdan, 2022. "Influence of Soil Tillage Systems on the Yield and Weeds Infestation in the Soybean Crop," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, October.

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