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Morphodynamics of Gully Development on the Platform–Slope System of Spoil Dumps under Platform Concentrated Flow

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  • Yun Bai

    (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Xianyang 712100, China
    Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Mingming Guo

    (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China)

  • Hongliang Kang

    (State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Wenlong Wang

    (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Xianyang 712100, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Huan Su

    (Yunnan Institute of Water & Hydropower Engineering Investigation, Design & Research, Kunming 650021, China)

  • Wenzhao Guo

    (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Xianyang 712100, China
    State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Chunyan Ma

    (Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China)

Abstract

Severe gully erosion on spoil dumps, caused by dense concentrated flow derived from platforms, poses a significant threat to the land management of mining areas. However, little is known about the development processes and mechanisms of gullies on spoil dumps. A flow scouring experiment was conducted on an established platform–slope system under 3.6–5.04 m 3 h −1 . The soils of the system consisted of a surface sandy loam A layer and anunderlying clay loam B layer. The results showed that the platform exhibited a gully development process of headcut-incision–headcut-expansion–stabilization and the steep slope experienced gully development of A-layer incision–A-layer expansion–B-layer incision–stabilization. The results showed 88.97–100% of Froude Number (Fr) decrement and 47.90–88.97% of Darcy–Weisbach roughness coefficient increment finished in the two incision stages on the steep slope. Gully depth has the most sensitive response to flow hydraulics. A significant linear correlation exists between gully depth and shear stress, runoff power, Fr, and Reynolds Number (R 2 > 0.337). Overall, the optimal hydraulic indicator varies within different stages for describing the gully morphology development, illustrating the different action mechanism between flow hydraulics and gully morphology. Our findings provide a theoretical support for future mechanistic studies of gully erosion and the land management on spoil dump.

Suggested Citation

  • Yun Bai & Mingming Guo & Hongliang Kang & Wenlong Wang & Huan Su & Wenzhao Guo & Chunyan Ma, 2021. "Morphodynamics of Gully Development on the Platform–Slope System of Spoil Dumps under Platform Concentrated Flow," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:11:p:1270-:d:683476
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. R. L. Bingner & R. R. Wells & H. G. Momm & J. R. Rigby & F. D. Theurer, 2016. "Ephemeral gully channel width and erosion simulation technology," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(3), pages 1949-1966, February.
    2. R. Bingner & R. Wells & H. Momm & J. Rigby & F. Theurer, 2016. "Ephemeral gully channel width and erosion simulation technology," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(3), pages 1949-1966, February.
    3. Aliakbar Nazari Samani & Hassan Ahmadi & Aliasghar Mohammadi & Jamal Ghoddousi & Ali Salajegheh & Guy Boggs & Razieh Pishyar, 2010. "Factors Controlling Gully Advancement and Models Evaluation (Hableh Rood Basin, Iran)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(8), pages 1531-1549, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Oimahmad Rahmonov & Jacek Różkowski & Grzegorz Klys, 2022. "The Managing and Restoring of Degraded Land in Post-Mining Areas," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-3, February.

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