IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jjrfmx/v16y2023i2p135-d1071444.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Pre-IPO Financial Performance and Offer Price Estimation: Evidence from India

Author

Listed:
  • Ajay Yadav

    (Amity College of Commerce & Finance, Amity University, Noida 201313, India)

  • Jaya Mamta Prosad

    (Amity College of Commerce & Finance, Amity University, Noida 201313, India)

  • Sumanjeet Singh

    (Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India)

Abstract

The primary focus of this paper is to develop an empirical model to study the relationship between key Financial Performance Indicators and IPO Offer Prices. It seeks to assist Indian IPO investors to make more informed decisions by advancing their knowledge about relevant Pre-IPO Financial Performance Indicators that are effective predictors of Offer Price. The purpose is this study is to provide all the stakeholders with an approach to evaluate the Offer Price of IPOs. This will help the stakeholders to overcome pricing anomalies. The companies listed in the National Stock Exchange of India between the financial years 2015–2016 to 2020–2021 are taken as the sample of the study. The secondary data are analyzed by constructing a multiple linear regression model. This study uses a range of fundamental factors related to financial performance in a single framework to demonstrate that an IPO Offer Price can be assessed by its Pre-IPO Financial Performance. The findings of this study validate the objectives of the model constructed. This research shows that the Pre-IPO Financial Performance has an influential role in explaining the IPO offering price. The results of the study show that variables such as Net Asset Value (NAV), Return on Assets (ROA), Profit after Tax (PAT), and Return on Net Worth (RONW) have a substantial impact on IPO Offering Price. The findings of the research will assist IPO issuers in pricing their offerings better and more competitively. Furthermore, this study will also minimize the gap between offering and listing prices to prevent speculative failure. The study will help investors with minimal resources to evaluate the value of any IPO issue. An IPO’s value can be fairly estimated, and investors can decide whether the issue is worth investing in or not.

Suggested Citation

  • Ajay Yadav & Jaya Mamta Prosad & Sumanjeet Singh, 2023. "Pre-IPO Financial Performance and Offer Price Estimation: Evidence from India," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:135-:d:1071444
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/16/2/135/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/16/2/135/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexander Ljungqvist & Vikram Nanda & Rajdeep Singh, 2006. "Hot Markets, Investor Sentiment, and IPO Pricing," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 79(4), pages 1667-1702, July.
    2. Ball, R & Brown, P, 1968. "Empirical Evaluation Of Accounting Income Numbers," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(2), pages 159-178.
    3. Agarwal, Sumit & Liu, Chunlin & Rhee, S. Ghon, 2008. "Investor demand for IPOs and aftermarket performance: Evidence from the Hong Kong stock market," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 176-190, April.
    4. Michael Willenborg & Biyu Wu & Yanhua Sunny Yang, 2015. "Issuer Operating Performance and IPO Price Formation," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(5), pages 1109-1149, December.
    5. Kousenidis, Dimitrios V. & Ladas, Anestis C. & Negakis, Christos I., 2014. "Accounting conservatism quality of accounting information and crash risk of stock prices," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 11(C), pages 120-137.
    6. Wei, Yu & Huang, Dengshi, 2005. "Multifractal analysis of SSEC in Chinese stock market: A different empirical result from Heng Seng index," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 355(2), pages 497-508.
    7. Jarrod Ormiston & Kylie Charlton & M. Scott Donald & Richard G. Seymour, 2015. "Overcoming the Challenges of Impact Investing: Insights from Leading Investors," Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(3), pages 352-378, November.
    8. Ahmad Fraz & Arshad Hassan, 2017. "Stock Price Synchronicity and Information Environment," Business & Economic Review, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, vol. 9(4), pages 213-232, December.
    9. Clarke, Jonathan & Khurshed, Arif & Pande, Alok & Singh, Ajai K., 2016. "Sentiment traders & IPO initial returns: The Indian evidence," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 24-37.
    10. Michael Firth & Peter M Y Fung & Oliver M Rui, 2008. "Ownership, governance mechanisms, and agency costs in China’s listed firms," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(2), pages 90-101, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Byard, Donal & Darrough, Masako & Suh, Jangwon, 2019. "There is No Evidence that Mandatory IFRS Adoption Significantly Decreased IPO Underpricing," SocArXiv b56u2, Center for Open Science.
    2. Que, Jiangjing & Zhang, Xueyong, 2021. "Money chasing hot industries? Investor attention and valuation of venture capital backed firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    3. Alqahtani, Faisal & Boulanouar, Zakaria, 2017. "Sharia compliance status & investor demand for IPOs: Evidence from Saudi Arabia," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 46(PB), pages 258-268.
    4. Paul B. McGuinness, 2016. "Post-IPO performance and its association with subscription cascades and issuers’ strategic-political importance," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 291-333, February.
    5. McGuinness, Paul B., 2016. "Voluntary profit forecast disclosures, IPO pricing revisions and after-market earnings drift," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 70-83.
    6. Hyoung-Goo Kang & Kyounghun Bae & Jung Ah Shin & Seongmin Jeon, 2021. "Will data on internet queries predict the performance in the marketplace: an empirical study on online searches and IPO stock returns," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 101-124, March.
    7. Jiang, Li & Li, Gao, 2013. "Investor sentiment and IPO pricing during pre-market and aftermarket periods: Evidence from Hong Kong," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 65-82.
    8. Güçbilmez, Ufuk, 2015. "IPO waves in China and Hong Kong," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 14-26.
    9. Ranganathan, Kavitha & Veeraraghavan, Madhu, 2023. "Pre-and-aftermarket IPO underpricing: Does use of proceeds disclosure matter?," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(3).
    10. Ranganathan, Kavitha & Saraogi, Aayush, 2021. "What explains voluntary premarket underpricing and aftermarket mispricing in Indian IPOs?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).
    11. Guillermo Yañez & Carlos Maquieira, 2009. "Rendimiento de Ofertas Públicas Iniciales de Acciones en Chile: Evidencia Empírica entre 1994 y 2007," Serie de Documentos de Trabajo 02, Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros.
    12. Seshadev Sahoo, 2015. "Subscription Rate and Volatility," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 14(1), pages 20-58, April.
    13. Salim Chahine & Gonul Colak & Iftekhar Hasan & Mohamad Mazboudi, 2020. "Investor relations and IPO performance," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 474-512, June.
    14. Wang, Zhiqiang & Su, Bingbai & Coakley, Jerry & Shen, Zhe, 2018. "Prospect theory and IPO returns in China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 726-751.
    15. Low, Soo-Wah & Yong, Othman, 2011. "Explaining over-subscription in fixed-price IPOs -- Evidence from the Malaysian stock market," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 205-216, September.
    16. Zhengxin Joseph Ye & Bjoern Schuller, 2024. "Trading through Earnings Seasons using Self-Supervised Contrastive Representation Learning," Papers 2409.17392, arXiv.org.
    17. DAVID E. ALLEN & MICHAEL McALEER & ROBERT J. POWELL & ABHAY K. SINGH, 2018. "Non-Parametric Multiple Change Point Analysis Of The Global Financial Crisis," Annals of Financial Economics (AFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 13(02), pages 1-23, June.
    18. Dybvig, Philip H. & Gong, Ning & Schwartz, Rachel, 2000. "Bias of Damage Awards and Free Options in Securities Litigation," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 149-168, April.
    19. Yuan, Ying & Zhuang, Xin-tian, 2008. "Multifractal description of stock price index fluctuation using a quadratic function fitting," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(2), pages 511-518.
    20. Beaver, William H. & McNichols, Maureen F. & Wang, Zach Z., 2020. "Increased market response to earnings announcements in the 21st century: An Empirical Investigation," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:16:y:2023:i:2:p:135-:d:1071444. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.