Impact of Indices on Stock Price Volatility of BRICS Countries During Crises: Comparative Study

This study aims to identify the common indices having an impact on the SPV of BRICS countries during crises. To address this, the monthly data retrieved from the database of the Global Economic Monitor (GEM), World Bank, IMF International Financial Statistics data, and OECD in the period of January 2000 to December 2023 are analyzed in two phases. In the first phase, DM classification techniques are applied to the data to identify the best common classification technique in order to use this technique in the second phase to compare the results with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) results. In the second phase, to account for the global financial crisis and COVID-19 crisis, the sample period is divided into two sub-periods. For those sub-periods, MLR and the best classification technique that was found in the first phase are utilized to find the common indices that have an impact on the stock price volatility during individual and both crises. The findings indicate that the Random Tree method commonly classified the data among the seven classification techniques. Regarding MLR results, no common indices were identified during the global financial crisis or the COVID-19 crisis. However, based on Random Tree classifications, the CPI price percent, National Currency, and CPI index for all items were common during the global financial crisis, whereas only the CPI price percent was common during the COVID-19 crisis. While some common indices were observed in individual crises for specific countries, no indices were consistently found across both crises. This variation is attributed to the unique nature of each crisis and the diverse economic and socio-political structures of different countries. These findings provide valuable insights for financial institutions and investors to refine financial and policy decisions based on the specific characteristics of each crisis and the indices affecting each country.