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Geographical Variation in Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Stool, Cow-Dung and Drinking Water

Author

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  • Krushna Chandra Sahoo

    (Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Ashok J. Tamhankar

    (Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance (IIMAR), Department of Environmental Medicine, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456 006, India)

  • Soumyakanta Sahoo

    (Department of Microbiology, Super Religare Laboratories Limited, Kalinga Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751 023, India)

  • Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu

    (Department of Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences and School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751 024, India)

  • Senia Rosales Klintz

    (Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg

    (Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden)

Abstract

Little information is available on relationships between the biophysical environment and antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from child stool samples, cow-dung and drinking water from the non-coastal (230 households) and coastal (187 households) regions of Odisha, India. Susceptibility testing of E. coli isolates ( n = 696) to the following antibiotics: tetracycline, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefixime, cotrimoxazole, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and nalidixic acid was performed by the disk diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates ( n = 83). Resistance to at least one antibiotic was detected in 90% or more of the E. coli isolates. Ciprofloxacin MIC values ranged from 8 to 32 µg/mL. The odds ratio (OR) of resistance in E. coli isolates from children’s stool (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.18–8.01), cow-dung (OR = 3.6, 95% CI 1.59–8.03, P = 0.002) and drinking water (OR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.00–14.44, P = 0.049) were higher in non-coastal compared to coastal region. Similarly, the co-resistance in cow-dung (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.39–4.37, P = 0.002) and drinking water (OR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.36–7.41, P = 0.008) as well as the multi-resistance in cow-dung (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.12–4.34, P = 0.022) and drinking water (OR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.06–7.07, P = 0.036) were also higher in the non-coastal compared to the coastal region.

Suggested Citation

  • Krushna Chandra Sahoo & Ashok J. Tamhankar & Soumyakanta Sahoo & Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu & Senia Rosales Klintz & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2012. "Geographical Variation in Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Stool, Cow-Dung and Drinking Water," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:9:y:2012:i:3:p:746-759:d:16453
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Sandeep S. Nerkar & Ashok J. Tamhankar & Smita U. Khedkar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2014. "Quality of Water and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli from Water Sources of Hilly Tribal Villages with and without Integrated Watershed Management—A One Year Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Krushna Chandra Sahoo & Sapna Negi & Deepika Barla & Goldi Badaik & Sunita Sahoo & Madhusmita Bal & Arun Kumar Padhi & Sanghamitra Pati & Debdutta Bhattacharya, 2020. "The Landscape of Anthrax Prevention and Control: Stakeholders’ Perceptive in Odisha, India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Keerthana Rajagopal & Sujith J. Chandy & Jay P. Graham, 2021. "A One Health Review of Community-Acquired Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli in India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-15, November.
    4. Krushna Chandra Sahoo & Soumyakanta Sahoo & Gaetano Marrone & Ashish Pathak & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg & Ashok J. Tamhankar, 2014. "Climatic Factors and Community — Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections — A Time-Series Analysis Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-12, August.
    5. Ashok J. Tamhankar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2019. "Antimicrobials and Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment and Its Remediation: A Global One Health Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-7, November.

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