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Who Is Exposed to Secondhand Smoke? Self-Reported and Serum Cotinine Measured Exposure in the U.S., 1999-2006

Author

Listed:
  • Wendy Max

    (Institute for Health & Aging, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 340, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA)

  • Hai-Yen Sung

    (Institute for Health & Aging, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 340, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA)

  • Yanling Shi

    (Institute for Health & Aging, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 340, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA)

Abstract

This study presents self-reported and serum cotinine measures of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) for nonsmoking children, adolescents, and adults. Estimates are disaggregated by time periods and sociodemographic characteristics based on analyses of the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Self-reported exposure rates are found to be highest for children, followed by adolescents and adults. Important differences in exposure are found by socioeconomic characteristics. Using serum cotinine to measure exposure yields much higher prevalence rates than self-reports. Rates of SHS exposure remain high, but cotinine levels are declining for most groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Wendy Max & Hai-Yen Sung & Yanling Shi, 2009. "Who Is Exposed to Secondhand Smoke? Self-Reported and Serum Cotinine Measured Exposure in the U.S., 1999-2006," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:6:y:2009:i:5:p:1633-1648:d:5031
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hassmiller, K.M. & Warner, K.E. & Mendez, D. & Levy, D.T. & Romano, E., 2003. "Nondaily Smokers: Who Are They?," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(8), pages 1321-1327.
    2. Soliman, S. & Pollack, H.A. & Warner, K.E., 2004. "Decrease in the Prevalence of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in the Home during the 1990s in Families with Children," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(2), pages 314-320.
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