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Global Suicide Mortality Rates (2000–2019): Clustering, Themes, and Causes Analyzed through Machine Learning and Bibliographic Data

Author

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  • Erinija Pranckeviciene

    (Faculty of Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53361 Akademija Kauno r., Lithuania
    Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Judita Kasperiuniene

    (Faculty of Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-53361 Akademija Kauno r., Lithuania
    Education Research Institute, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania)

Abstract

Suicide research is directed at understanding social, economic, and biological causes of suicide thoughts and behaviors. (1) Background: Worldwide, certain countries have high suicide mortality rates (SMRs) compared to others. Age-standardized suicide mortality rates (SMRs) published by the World Health Organization (WHO) plus numerous bibliographic records of the Web of Science (WoS) database provide resources to understand these disparities between countries and regions. (2) Methods: Hierarchical clustering was applied to age-standardized suicide mortality rates per 100,000 population from 2000–2019. Keywords of country-specific suicide-related publications collected from WoS were analyzed by network and association rule mining. Keyword embedding was carried out using a recurrent neural network. (3) Results: Countries with similar SMR trends formed naturally distinct groups of high, medium, and low suicide mortality rates. Major themes in suicide research worldwide are depression, mental disorders, youth suicide, euthanasia, hopelessness, loneliness, unemployment, and drugs. Prominent themes differentiating countries and regions include: alcohol in post-Soviet countries; HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa, war veterans and PTSD in the Middle East, students in East Asia, and many others. (4) Conclusion: Countries naturally group into high, medium, and low SMR categories characterized by different keyword-informed themes. The compiled dataset and presented methodology enable enrichment of analytical results by bibliographic data where observed results are difficult to interpret.

Suggested Citation

  • Erinija Pranckeviciene & Judita Kasperiuniene, 2024. "Global Suicide Mortality Rates (2000–2019): Clustering, Themes, and Causes Analyzed through Machine Learning and Bibliographic Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(9), pages 1-32, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:9:p:1202-:d:1475462
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nees Jan Eck & Ludo Waltman, 2017. "Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 111(2), pages 1053-1070, May.
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