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Experimental Setups for In Vitro Studies on Radon Exposure in Mammalian Cells—A Critical Overview

Author

Listed:
  • Andreas Maier

    (Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
    A.M. and T.B. contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.)

  • Tarryn Bailey

    (Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7600, South Africa
    Radiation Biophysics Division, Separated Sector Cyclotron Laboratory, NRF-iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7129, South Africa
    A.M. and T.B. contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.)

  • Annika Hinrichs

    (Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
    Physics Department, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany)

  • Sylvie Lerchl

    (Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Richard T. Newman

    (Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7600, South Africa)

  • Claudia Fournier

    (Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
    C.F. and C.V. contributed equally to this work and share last authorship.)

  • Charlot Vandevoorde

    (Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
    Radiation Biophysics Division, Separated Sector Cyclotron Laboratory, NRF-iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7129, South Africa
    C.F. and C.V. contributed equally to this work and share last authorship.)

Abstract

Naturally occurring radon and its short lived progeny are the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking, and the main risk factor for non-smokers. The radon progeny, mainly Polonium-218 ( 218 Po) and Polonium-214 ( 214 Po), are responsible for the highest dose deposition in the bronchial epithelium via alpha-decay. These alpha-particles release a large amount of energy over a short penetration range, which results in severe and complex DNA damage. In order to unravel the underlying biological mechanisms which are triggered by this complex DNA damage and eventually give rise to carcinogenesis, in vitro radiobiology experiments on mammalian cells have been performed using radon exposure setups, or radon analogues, which mimic alpha-particle exposure. This review provides an overview of the different experimental setups, which have been developed and used over the past decades for in vitro radon experiments. In order to guarantee reliable results, the design and dosimetry of these setups require careful consideration, which will be emphasized in this work. Results of these in vitro experiments, particularly on bronchial epithelial cells, can provide valuable information on biomarkers, which can assist to identify exposures, as well as to study the effects of localized high dose depositions and the heterogeneous dose distribution of radon.

Suggested Citation

  • Andreas Maier & Tarryn Bailey & Annika Hinrichs & Sylvie Lerchl & Richard T. Newman & Claudia Fournier & Charlot Vandevoorde, 2023. "Experimental Setups for In Vitro Studies on Radon Exposure in Mammalian Cells—A Critical Overview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-29, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:9:p:5670-:d:1134616
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liliana Cori & Olivia Curzio & Gabriele Donzelli & Elisa Bustaffa & Fabrizio Bianchi, 2022. "A Systematic Review of Radon Risk Perception, Awareness, and Knowledge: Risk Communication Options," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-27, August.
    2. Le Thi Nhu Ngoc & Duckshin Park & Young-Chul Lee, 2022. "Human Health Impacts of Residential Radon Exposure: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case–Control Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Igor Čeliković & Gordana Pantelić & Ivana Vukanac & Jelena Krneta Nikolić & Miloš Živanović & Giorgia Cinelli & Valeria Gruber & Sebastian Baumann & Luis Santiago Quindos Poncela & Daniel Rabago, 2022. "Outdoor Radon as a Tool to Estimate Radon Priority Areas—A Literature Overview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-21, January.
    4. Annika Hinrichs & Michaela Schmitt & Franziska Papenfuß & Mirjam Roth & Claudia Fournier & Gerhard Kraft & Andreas Maier, 2023. "Radon Solubility in Different Tissues after Short Term Exposure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-11, January.
    5. Paola Mozzoni & Silvana Pinelli & Massimo Corradi & Silvia Ranzieri & Delia Cavallo & Diana Poli, 2021. "Environmental/Occupational Exposure to Radon and Non-Pulmonary Neoplasm Risk: A Review of Epidemiologic Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-23, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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