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The Mediation Effect of Pain on the Relationship between Kinesiophobia and Lumbar Joint Position Sense in Chronic Low Back Pain Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammad A. ALMohiza

    (Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ravi Shankar Reddy

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Faisal Asiri

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Adel Alshahrani

    (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia)

  • Jaya Shanker Tedla

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Snehil Dixit

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Kumar Gular

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Venkata Nagaraj Kakaraparthi

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

(1) Background: Fear of movement (kinesiophobia) and impaired lumbar joint position sense (LJPS) play a vital role in developing and maintaining non-specific chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, how kinesiophobia impacts LJPS is still being determined. The aims of this study are to (1) assess the correlation between kinesiophobia and LJPS in individuals with chronic low back pain; (2) compare LJPS between individuals with CLBP and those who are asymptomatic; and (3) evaluate if pain can mediate the relationship between kinesiophobia and LJPS in CLBP individuals. (2) Methods: Eighty-three individuals (mean age = 48.9 ± 7.5 years) with a diagnosis of CLBP and 95 asymptomatic individuals (mean age = 49.4 ± 7.0 years) were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Fear of movement in CLBP individuals was assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). LJPS was determined using the active target repositioning technique using a dual-digital inclinometer. LJPS was evaluated in lumbar flexion, extension, and side-bending left and right directions, and the repositioning accuracy was determined in degrees using a dual digital inclinometer. (3) Results: Kinesiophobia showed a significant ( p < 0.001) moderate positive correlation with LJPS (flexion: r = 0.51, extension: r = 0.41, side-bending left: r = 0.37 and side-bending right: r = 0.34). LJPS errors were larger in CLBP individuals compared to asymptomatic individuals ( p < 0.05). Mediation analyses showed that pain significantly mediated the relationship between kinesiophobia and LJPS ( p < 0.05) in CLBP individuals. (4) Conclusions: Kinesiophobia and LJPS were positively associated. LJPS is impaired in CLBP individuals compared to asymptomatic individuals. Pain may mediate adverse effects on LJPS. These factors must be taken into account when assessing and developing treatment plans for those with CLBP.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad A. ALMohiza & Ravi Shankar Reddy & Faisal Asiri & Adel Alshahrani & Jaya Shanker Tedla & Snehil Dixit & Kumar Gular & Venkata Nagaraj Kakaraparthi, 2023. "The Mediation Effect of Pain on the Relationship between Kinesiophobia and Lumbar Joint Position Sense in Chronic Low Back Pain Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:6:p:5193-:d:1098291
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Patricia Palomo-López & Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo & Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias & Daniel López-López & David Rodríguez-Sanz & Carlos Romero-Morales & César Calvo-Lobo & Victoria Mazoteras-Pardo, 2020. "Kinesiophobia and Pain Intensity Are Increased by a Greater Hallux Valgus Deformity Degree- Kinesiophobia and Pain Intensity in Hallux Valgus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Faisal Asiri & Ravi Shankar Reddy & Jaya Shanker Tedla & Mohammad A ALMohiza & Mastour Saeed Alshahrani & Shashikumar Channmgere Govindappa & Devika Rani Sangadala, 2021. "Kinesiophobia and its correlations with pain, proprioception, and functional performance among individuals with chronic neck pain," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, July.
    3. Khalid A Alahmari & Kanagaraj Rengaramanujam & Ravi Shankar Reddy & Paul Silvian Samuel & Jaya Shanker Tedla & Venkata Nagaraj Kakaraparthi & Irshad Ahmad, 2020. "The immediate and short-term effects of dynamic taping on pain, endurance, disability, mobility and kinesiophobia in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-17, September.
    4. Rodrigo Luiz Carregaro & Caroline Ribeiro Tottoli & Daniela da Silva Rodrigues & Judith E Bosmans & Everton Nunes da Silva & Maurits van Tulder, 2020. "Low back pain should be considered a health and research priority in Brazil: Lost productivity and healthcare costs between 2012 to 2016," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, April.
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