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Measures for Controlling Gaseous Emissions during Composting: A Review

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  • Minghan Li

    (College of Resource and Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
    SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

  • Shuyan Li

    (College of Resource and Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China)

  • Shigeng Chen

    (SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

  • Qingyu Meng

    (SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

  • Yu Wang

    (SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

  • Wujie Yang

    (Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250014, China)

  • Lianhui Shi

    (College of Resource and Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China)

  • Fangjun Ding

    (SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

  • Jun Zhu

    (SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

  • Ronghui Ma

    (Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250014, China)

  • Xinsong Guo

    (SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China)

Abstract

Composting is a promising technology for treating organic solid waste. However, greenhouse gases (methane and nitrous oxide) and odor emissions (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) during composting are practically unavoidable, leading to severe environmental problems and poor final compost products. The optimization of composting conditions and the application of additives have been considered to mitigate these problems, but a comprehensive analysis of the influence of these methods on gaseous emissions during composting is lacking. Thus, this review summarizes the influence of composting conditions and different additives on gaseous emissions, and the cost of each measure is approximately evaluated. Aerobic conditions can be achieved by appropriate process conditions, so the contents of CH 4 and N 2 O can subsequently be effectively reduced. Physical additives are effective regulators to control anaerobic gaseous emissions, having a large specific surface area and great adsorption performance. Chemical additives significantly reduce gaseous emissions, but their side effects on compost application must be eliminated. The auxiliary effect of microbial agents is not absolute, but is closely related to the dosage and environmental conditions of compost. Compound additives can reduce gaseous emissions more efficiently than single additives. However, further study is required to assess the economic viability of additives to promote their large-scale utilization during composting.

Suggested Citation

  • Minghan Li & Shuyan Li & Shigeng Chen & Qingyu Meng & Yu Wang & Wujie Yang & Lianhui Shi & Fangjun Ding & Jun Zhu & Ronghui Ma & Xinsong Guo, 2023. "Measures for Controlling Gaseous Emissions during Composting: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-22, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3587-:d:1072089
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar & Wang, Quan & Chen, Hongyu & Wang, Meijing & Awasthi, Sanjeev Kumar & Ren, Xiuna & Cai, Hanzhen & Li, Ronghua & Zhang, Zengqiang, 2018. "In-vessel co-composting of biosolid: Focusing on mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions and nutrients conservation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PB), pages 814-823.
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    Cited by:

    1. Felicien Sebahire & Faridullah Faridullah & Muhammad Irshad & Aziz Ur Rahim Bacha & Farhan Hafeez & Jean Nduwamungu, 2024. "Effect of Biochar on Composting of Cow Manure and Kitchen Waste," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-14, September.

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