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Acute Responses to High-Intensity Back Squats with Bilateral Blood Flow Restriction

Author

Listed:
  • Bjoern Hornikel

    (Department of Epidemiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
    Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

  • Keith S. Saffold

    (Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

  • Michael R. Esco

    (Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

  • Jacob A. Mota

    (Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
    Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA)

  • Michael V. Fedewa

    (Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

  • Stefanie A. Wind

    (Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

  • Tiffany L. Adams

    (Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

  • Lee J. Winchester

    (Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA)

Abstract

This study examined the acute effects of high-intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) on performance and fatigue, metabolic stress, and markers of inflammation (interleukin-6 (IL-6)), muscle damage (myoglobin), angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). Thirteen resistance-trained participants (four female, 24.8 ± 4.7 years) performed four sets of barbell back-squats (75% 1RM) to failure under two conditions: blood flow restriction (BFR, bilateral 80% occlusion pressure) and control (CTRL). Completed repetitions and pre–post-exercise changes in maximal voluntary isometric contractions, countermovement jump, barbell mean propulsive velocity, and surface electromyography were recorded. Pre–post blood lactate (BLa) and venous blood samples for analysis of IL-6, myoglobin, and VEGF were collected. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and pain were recorded for each set. Fewer repetitions were performed during BFR (25.5 ± 9.6 reps) compared to CTRL (43.4 ± 14.2 reps, p < 0.001), with greater repetitions performed during sets 1, 2, and 4 ( p < 0.05) in CTRL. Although RPE between conditions was similar across all sets ( p > 0.05), pain was greater in BFR across all sets ( p < 0.05). Post-exercise fatigue was comparable between conditions. BLa was significantly greater in CTRL compared to BFR at two minutes ( p = 0.001) but not four minutes post-exercise ( p = 0.063). IL-6 was significantly elevated following BFR ( p = 0.011). Comparable increases in myoglobin ( p > 0.05) and no changes in VEGF were observed ( p > 0.05). BFR increases the rate of muscular fatigue during high-intensity resistance exercise and acutely enhances IL-6 response, with significantly less total work performed, but increases pain perception, limiting implementation.

Suggested Citation

  • Bjoern Hornikel & Keith S. Saffold & Michael R. Esco & Jacob A. Mota & Michael V. Fedewa & Stefanie A. Wind & Tiffany L. Adams & Lee J. Winchester, 2023. "Acute Responses to High-Intensity Back Squats with Bilateral Blood Flow Restriction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3555-:d:1071583
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lee J. Winchester & Morgan T. Blake & Abby R. Fleming & Elroy J. Aguiar & Michael V. Fedewa & Michael R. Esco & Ryan L. Earley, 2022. "Hemodynamic Responses to Resistance Exercise with Blood Flow Restriction Using a Practical Method Versus a Traditional Cuff-Inflation System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-13, September.
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