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Soil Organic Matter Molecular Composition Shifts Driven by Forest Regrowth or Pasture after Slash-and-Burn of Amazon Forest

Author

Listed:
  • Otávio dos Anjos Leal

    (Institute of Bio- and Geosciences—Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.)

  • Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo

    (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development-MED, Universidade de Évora, Ap 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal
    Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Seville, Spain
    These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.)

  • José A. González-Pérez

    (Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Seville, Spain)

  • Heike Knicker

    (Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Seville, Spain)

  • Falberni de Souza Costa

    (Embrapa Acre, Rodovia BR-364, Km 14, Rio Branco 69900-970, Brazil)

  • Pedro N. Jiménez-Morillo

    (Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Biológicos, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera, 1, 41013 Seville, Spain)

  • João Andrade de Carvalho Júnior

    (Departamento de Energia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Portal das Colinas, Guaratinguetá 12516-410, Brazil)

  • José Carlos dos Santos

    (Laboratório Associado de Combustão e Propulsão, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Rodovia Presidente Dutra, km 40, Cachoeira Paulista 12630-00, Brazil)

  • Deborah Pinheiro Dick

    (Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil)

Abstract

Slash-and-burn of Amazon Forest (AF) for pasture establishment has increased the occurrence of AF wildfires. Recent studies emphasize soil organic matter (SOM) molecular composition as a principal driver of post-fire forest regrowth and restoration of AF anti-wildfire ambience. Nevertheless, SOM chemical shifts caused by AF fires and post-fire vegetation are rarely investigated at a molecular level. We employed pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to reveal molecular changes in SOM (0–10, 40–50 cm depth) of a slash-burn-and-20-month-regrowth AF (BAF) and a 23-year Brachiaria pasture post-AF fire (BRA) site compared to native AF (NAF). In BAF (0–10 cm), increased abundance of unspecific aromatic compounds (UACs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and lipids (Lip) coupled with a depletion of polysaccharides (Pol) revealed strong lingering effects of fire on SOM. This occurs despite fresh litter deposition on soil, suggesting SOM minimal recovery and toxicity to microorganisms. Accumulation of recalcitrant compounds and slow decomposition of fresh forest material may explain the higher carbon content in BAF (0–5 cm). In BRA, SOM was dominated by Brachiaria contributions. At 40–50 cm, alkyl and hydroaromatic compounds accumulated in BRA, whereas UACs accumulated in BAF. UACs and PAH compounds were abundant in NAF, possibly air-transported from BAF.

Suggested Citation

  • Otávio dos Anjos Leal & Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo & José A. González-Pérez & Heike Knicker & Falberni de Souza Costa & Pedro N. Jiménez-Morillo & João Andrade de Carvalho Júnior & José Carlos dos San, 2023. "Soil Organic Matter Molecular Composition Shifts Driven by Forest Regrowth or Pasture after Slash-and-Burn of Amazon Forest," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3485-:d:1070593
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mariana Regina Durigan & Maurício Roberto Cherubin & Plínio Barbosa De Camargo & Joice Nunes Ferreira & Erika Berenguer & Toby Alan Gardner & Jos Barlow & Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias & Diana Signor &, 2017. "Soil Organic Matter Responses to Anthropogenic Forest Disturbance and Land Use Change in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Gael Bárcenas-Moreno & Elizabeth Jiménez-Compán & Layla M. San Emeterio & Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo & José A. González-Pérez, 2022. "Soil pH and Soluble Organic Matter Shifts Exerted by Heating Affect Microbial Response," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-22, November.
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