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COVID-19 Pandemic Has Changed the Psychiatric Profile of Adolescents Attempting Suicide: A Cross-Sectional Comparison

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Listed:
  • Rebeca Gracia-Liso

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Maria J. Portella

    (Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Joaquim Puntí-Vidal

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Elena Pujals-Altés

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Jordi Torralbas-Ortega

    (Nursing Care Research Group, IIB Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Marta Llorens

    (Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Montserrat Pamias

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Marc Fradera-Jiménez

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Itziar Montalvo-Aguirrezabala

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Diego J. Palao

    (Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital of Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-Inc., Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a major impact on the mental health of adolescents, leading to suicidal behaviors. However, it remains to be clarified whether the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the psychiatric profile of adolescent suicide attempters. Methods: a retrospective observational analytical study was conducted to assess age, gender and clinical characteristics of adolescents attempting suicide during the year before and the year after the global lockdown. Results: ninety adolescents (12–17 y.o.) were recruited consecutively from February 2019 to March 2021 at the emergency ward for having attempted suicide. Fifty-two (57.8%) attended before the lockdown (pre-pandemic group) and thirty-eight (42.2%) the year after (pandemic group). There were significant differences in diagnostic categories between the periods ( p = 0.003). Adjustment and conduct disorders were more frequent in the pre-pandemic group, while anxiety and depressive disorders were more prevalent during the pandemic. Although the severity of suicide attempts did not show significant differences between the two study periods (0.7), the generalized linear model showed that the suicide attempt severity was significantly associated with current diagnosis ( p = 0.01). Conclusions: the psychiatric profile of adolescents attempting suicide was different before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the proportion of adolescents with a prior psychiatric history was lower, and most of them were diagnosed with depressive and anxiety disorders. These diagnoses were also associated with a greater severity in the intentionality of suicide attempt, regardless of the study period.

Suggested Citation

  • Rebeca Gracia-Liso & Maria J. Portella & Joaquim Puntí-Vidal & Elena Pujals-Altés & Jordi Torralbas-Ortega & Marta Llorens & Montserrat Pamias & Marc Fradera-Jiménez & Itziar Montalvo-Aguirrezabala & , 2023. "COVID-19 Pandemic Has Changed the Psychiatric Profile of Adolescents Attempting Suicide: A Cross-Sectional Comparison," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-11, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:2952-:d:1061554
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Takanao Tanaka & Shohei Okamoto, 2021. "Increase in suicide following an initial decline during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 5(2), pages 229-238, February.
    2. Finiki Nearchou & Clodagh Flinn & Rachel Niland & Sheena Siva Subramaniam & Eilis Hennessy, 2020. "Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Damià Valero-Bover & Marc Fradera & Gerard Carot-Sans & Isabel Parra & Jordi Piera-Jiménez & Caridad Pontes & Diego Palao, 2022. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Suicidal Behaviors: A Retrospective Analysis of Integrated Electronic Health Records in a Population of 7.5 Million," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-12, November.
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