IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i3p2613-d1053480.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Cooling Effect of Urban Blue and Green Spaces: A Case Study of Changsha, China

Author

Listed:
  • Xinyi Qiu

    (Department of Geographic Information Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan Nan Street, Changsha 410004, China)

  • Sung-Ho Kil

    (Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-Dae-Hak-Gil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)

  • Hyun-Kil Jo

    (Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-Dae-Hak-Gil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)

  • Chan Park

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul, Seoulsilipdaero 163, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea)

  • Wonkyong Song

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea)

  • Yun Eui Choi

    (Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-Dae-Hak-Gil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The cooling effects of blue–green spaces on the urban heat island effect are complex and different. The purpose of this study is to simulate how the cooling effect of blue–green space changes with its size and shape. The cooling effects of 53 green patches and 28 water bodies in Changsha were extracted based on Landsat images. A surface fitting model was used to quantitatively reveal the relationship between the cooling effect of blue–green space and its size and shape. The results show that the cooling effects of blue–green spaces were enhanced with the increasing size, and then would become stable after a certain range (threshold). Certain thresholds were identified between the blue and green space areas (2.98 ha and 3.15 ha, respectively) and the cooling distance, and between the blue and green space areas (4.84 ha and 4.92 ha, respectively) and the cooling magnitude. In addition, the green space with an area of 9.08 ha and landscape shape index (LSI) of 2.97 could achieve a better cooling distance (413.46 m); and the blue space with an area of 29.4 ha and LSI of 1.75 could achieve a better cooling magnitude (5.17 °C). These findings provide useful guidelines for urban planning and improving urban livability in other regions with terrain and climate conditions similar to Changsha.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinyi Qiu & Sung-Ho Kil & Hyun-Kil Jo & Chan Park & Wonkyong Song & Yun Eui Choi, 2023. "Cooling Effect of Urban Blue and Green Spaces: A Case Study of Changsha, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2613-:d:1053480
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/3/2613/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/3/2613/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mireia Gascon & Margarita Triguero-Mas & David Martínez & Payam Dadvand & Joan Forns & Antoni Plasència & Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, 2015. "Mental Health Benefits of Long-Term Exposure to Residential Green and Blue Spaces: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-26, April.
    2. Patryk Antoszewski & Dariusz Świerk & Michał Krzyżaniak, 2020. "Statistical Review of Quality Parameters of Blue-Green Infrastructure Elements Important in Mitigating the Effect of the Urban Heat Island in the Temperate Climate (C) Zone," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-36, September.
    3. Lei Zhang & Tianqi Gu & Ji Zhao & Shijun Ji & Ming Hu & Xiangbo Li, 2013. "An Improved Moving Least Squares Method for Curve and Surface Fitting," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2013, pages 1-6, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shuhao Liu & Chang Su & Junhua Zhang & Shiro Takeda & Jiarui Liu & Ruochen Yang, 2023. "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Urban Green Space through Crowdsourced Big Data: A Natural Language Processing and Image Recognition Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-27, March.
    2. Jiang Li & Hao Wang & Xiaoxi Cai & Shaobo Liu & Wenbo Lai & Yating Chang & Jialing Qi & Gexuan Zhu & Chuyu Zhang & Yudan Liu, 2024. "Quantifying Urban Spatial Morphology Indicators on the Green Areas Cooling Effect: The Case of Changsha, China, a Subtropical City," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Qiang Wen & Haiqiang Liu & Jinyuan Chen & Huiyao Ye & Zeyu Pan, 2023. "Evaluation of Satisfaction with the Built Environment of University Buildings under the Epidemic and Its Impact on Student Anxiety," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-23, February.
    2. Hyun Jin Lee & Dong Kun Lee, 2019. "Do Sociodemographic Factors and Urban Green Space Affect Mental Health Outcomes Among the Urban Elderly Population?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Hao-Ting Chang & Chih-Da Wu & Wen-Chi Pan & Shih-Chun Candice Lung & Huey-Jen Su, 2019. "Association Between Surrounding Greenness and Schizophrenia: A Taiwanese Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-16, April.
    4. Alhassan A. S & LeBrasseur R., 2024. "Urban Green Space as A Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in The Tamale Metropolis, Ghana," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(3), pages 2552-2573, March.
    5. Susanne Boers & Karin Hagoort & Floortje Scheepers & Marco Helbich, 2018. "Does Residential Green and Blue Space Promote Recovery in Psychotic Disorders? A Cross-Sectional Study in the Province of Utrecht, The Netherlands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-8, October.
    6. Phi-Yen Nguyen & Thomas Astell-Burt & Hania Rahimi-Ardabili & Xiaoqi Feng, 2021. "Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-38, October.
    7. Matthew H. E. M. Browning & Alessandro Rigolon, 2019. "School Green Space and Its Impact on Academic Performance: A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, February.
    8. Yumeng Meng & Jiaxuan Shi & Mei Lyu & Dong Sun & Hiroatsu Fukuda, 2024. "Research into the Influence Mechanisms of Visual-Comfort and Landscape Indicators of Urban Green Spaces," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-17, October.
    9. Benjamin Guinaudeau & Mark Brink & Beat Schäffer & Martin A. Schlaepfer, 2023. "A Methodology for Quantifying the Spatial Distribution and Social Equity of Urban Green and Blue Spaces," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-20, December.
    10. Lisa Dandolo & Klaus Telkmann & Christina Hartig & Sophie Horstmann & Sara Pedron & Lars Schwettmann & Peter Selsam & Alexandra Schneider & Gabriele Bolte & on behalf of the INGER Study Group, 2023. "Do Multiple Sex/Gender Dimensions Play a Role in the Association of Green Space and Self-Rated Health? Model-Based Recursive Partitioning Results from the KORA INGER Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-23, March.
    11. Jason Corburn, 2017. "Urban Place and Health Equity: Critical Issues and Practices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-10, January.
    12. Chenying Li & Tiantian Zhang & Xi Wang & Zefeng Lian, 2022. "Site Selection of Urban Parks Based on Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP): A Case Study of Nanjing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-27, October.
    13. Asier Anabitarte & Mikel Subiza-Pérez & Jesús Ibarluzea & Kepa Azkona & Gonzalo García-Baquero & Carme Miralles-Guasch & Jon Irazusta & Kristina W. Whitworth & Guillem Vich & Aitana Lertxundi, 2020. "Testing the Multiple Pathways of Residential Greenness to Pregnancy Outcomes Model in a Sample of Pregnant Women in the Metropolitan Area of Donostia-San Sebastián," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-23, June.
    14. Katrina A. Lambert & Gayan Bowatte & Rachel Tham & Caroline J. Lodge & Luke A. Prendergast & Joachim Heinrich & Michael J. Abramson & Shyamali C. Dharmage & Bircan Erbas, 2018. "Greenspace and Atopic Sensitization in Children and Adolescents—A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-12, November.
    15. Hanna Weimann & Jonas Björk & Carita Håkansson, 2019. "Experiences of the Urban Green Local Environment as a Factor for Well-Being among Adults: An Exploratory Qualitative Study in Southern Sweden," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-14, July.
    16. Sheona McHale & Alice Pearsons & Lis Neubeck & Coral L. Hanson, 2020. "Green Health Partnerships in Scotland; Pathways for Social Prescribing and Physical Activity Referral," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-13, September.
    17. Gill Hubbard & Chantal den Daas & Marie Johnston & Peter Murchie & Catharine Ward Thompson & Diane Dixon, 2021. "Are Rurality, Area Deprivation, Access to Outside Space, and Green Space Associated with Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Cross Sectional Study (CHARIS-E)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-17, April.
    18. Hania Rahimi-Ardabili & Thomas Astell-Burt & Phi-Yen Nguyen & Juan Zhang & Yu Jiang & Guang-Hui Dong & Xiaoqi Feng, 2021. "Green Space and Health in Mainland China: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-22, September.
    19. Nicole V. DeVille & Linda Powers Tomasso & Olivia P. Stoddard & Grete E. Wilt & Teresa H. Horton & Kathleen L. Wolf & Eric Brymer & Peter H. Kahn & Peter James, 2021. "Time Spent in Nature Is Associated with Increased Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-18, July.
    20. Xiaoxia Li & Guozhu Xia & Tao Lin & Zhonglin Xu & Yao Wang, 2022. "Construction of Urban Green Space Network in Kashgar City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2613-:d:1053480. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.